P16 is a useful supplemental diagnostic marker of pulmonary small cell carcinoma in small biopsies and cytology specimens
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article
PubMed
29566943
DOI
10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.11.008
PII: S1092-9134(17)30287-3
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Immunohistochemistry, Neuroendocrine carcinoma, Non-small cell lung carcinoma, Poorly differentiated, Small cell lung carcinoma, p16,
- MeSH
- Biopsy MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Genes, p16 physiology MeSH
- Immunohistochemistry methods MeSH
- Carcinoid Tumor diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Carcinoma, Small Cell diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism MeSH
- Lung Neoplasms pathology MeSH
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology MeSH
- Lung pathology MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Biomarkers, Tumor MeSH
Pulmonary small cell carcinoma (SCLC) is usually diagnosed in small biopsy or cytological specimens based on cytomorphology; however in ambiguous cases diagnosis requires additional support by immunohistochemistry. While TP53 and RB1 alterations with secondary overexpression of p16 are mainstay events in SCLC pathogenesis, diagnostic value of p16-positivity in the diagnosis of SCLC has not yet been fully investigated. We examined the expression of p16, CD56, synaptophysin (SYP), chromogranin A and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF1) in a series of pulmonary and extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas, pulmonary carcinoids and non-small cell lung carcinomas, and compared diagnostic performance of these markers in the diagnosis of SCLC. P16 was positive in 95 of 101 SCLCs, and displayed highest diagnostic sensitivity of ~94%. Composite biomarkers CD56+p16+TTF1 and CD56+p16+SYP were both able to detect correctly all SCLC cases. Importantly, three (~3%) SCLC cases completely negative for all conventional markers displayed diffuse positivity for p16. CD56 and p16 demonstrated highest concordance between paired small biopsy and cytology specimens. 50% of squamous cell carcinomas, ~41% of adenocarcinoma/NSCLC-favour adenocarcinoma cases, and ~93% of extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas also showed p16-positivity. Combination of CD56, p16 and TTF1 produced diagnostic classifier that outperformed best single marker CD56 in differential diagnosis between SCLC and NSCLC. In conclusion, in the appropriate morphological context p16 represents a useful supplementary marker for diagnosis of SCLC, even in cases where only cytological material is available.
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