The diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia consists in the combination of laboratory and clinical pictures of thrombocytopenia while eliminating other disorders characterized by low levels of thrombocytes. The treatment initiation in patients with ITP is recommended when the thrombocyte count has dropped below 20-30 × 109/l, when hemorrhagic manifestations occur and depending on the patient's risk profile. Corticoids and IVIG are used as first-line treatment. Second-line treatment includes splenectomy, immunosuppressive therapy and administration of thrombopoietin receptor agonists. A new drug in the treatment of ITP is fostamatinib. Key words: corticoids - eltrombopag - fostamatinib - immune thrombocytopenia - IVIG - rituximab - romiplostim - sustainable remission - splenectomy.