Resistive pulse sensing is a well-known and established method for counting and sizing particles in ionic solutions. Throughout its development the technique has been expanded from detection of biological cells to counting nanoparticles and viruses, and even registering individual molecules, e.g., nucleotides in nucleic acids. This technique combined with microfluidic or nanofluidic systems shows great potential for various bioanalytical applications, which were hardly possible before microfabrication gained the present broad adoption. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of microfluidic designs along with electrode arrangements with emphasis on applications focusing on bioanalysis and analysis of single cells that were reported within the past five years.

Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS Brno Czech Republic

Department of Biochemistry Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

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The Application of Anisotropically Collapsing Gels, Deep Learning, and Optical Microscopy for Chemical Characterization of Nanoparticles and Nanoplastics