The utility of posttreatment bone marrow biopsy (BMB) histology to confirm complete response (CR) in lymphoma clinical trials is in question. We retrospectively evaluated the impact of BMB on response assessment in immunochemotherapy-treated patients with previously untreated follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the phase 3 Study of Obinutuzumab (RO5072759) Plus Chemotherapy in Comparison With Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Followed by Obinutuzumab or Rituximab Maintenance in Patients With Untreated Advanced Indolent Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (GALLIUM; NCT01332968) and A Study of Obinutuzumab in Combination With CHOP Chemotherapy Versus Rituximab With CHOP in Participants With CD20-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (GOYA; NCT01287741) trials, respectively. Baseline BMB was performed in all patients, with repeat BMBs in patients with a CR by computed tomography (CT) at end of induction (EOI) and a positive BMB at baseline, to confirm response. Positron emission tomography imaging was also used in some patients to assess EOI response (Lugano 2014 criteria). Among patients with an EOI CR by CT in GALLIUM and GOYA, 2.8% and 4.1%, respectively, had a BMB-altered response. These results suggest that postinduction BMB histology has minimal impact on radiographically (CT)-defined responses in both FL and DLBCL patients. In GALLIUM and GOYA, respectively, 4.7% of FL patients and 7.1% of DLBCL patients had a repeat BMB result that altered response assessment when applying Lugano 2014 criteria, indicating that bone marrow evaluation appears to add little value to response assessment in FL; however, its evaluation may still have merit in DLBCL.

1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University General Hospital Prague Czech Republic

BC Cancer Centre for Lymphoid Cancer and University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

Candiolo Cancer Institute Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Candiolo Turin Italy; and

Concord Repatriation General Hospital University of Sydney Concord NSW Australia

Department of Medicine 3 Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital Munich Munich Germany

Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY

Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA

Department of Translational and Precision Medicine Hematology Section Sapienza University Rome Italy

F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd Basel Switzerland

Helios Klinikum Erfurt Erfurt Germany

King's College Hospital London United Kingdom

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