Burkitt lymphoma (BL) accounts for almost two-thirds of all B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in children and adolescents and is characterised by a MYC translocation and rapid cell turnover. Intensive chemotherapeutic regimens have been developed in recent decades, including the lymphomes malins B (LMB) protocol, which have resulted in a survival rate in excess of 90%. Recent clinical trials have focused on immunochemotherapy, with the addition of rituximab to chemotherapeutic backbones, showing encouraging results. Despite these advances, relapse and refractory disease occurs in up to 10% of patients and salvage options for these carry a dismal prognosis. Efforts to better understand the molecular and functional characteristics driving relapse and refractory disease may help improve this prognosis. This study has established a paediatric BL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) resource which captures and maintains tumour heterogeneity, may be used to better characterise tumours and identify cell populations responsible for therapy resistance.

Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin Dublin Ireland

Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics Vienna Austria

Department of Life Sciences Birmingham City University Birmingham UK

Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge UK

Department of Pathology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK

Northern Institute for Cancer Research Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

The Great North Children's Hospital The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria

Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

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Complex genetic and histopathological study of 15 patient-derived xenografts of aggressive lymphomas

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