Despite several efforts to unravel the microbial diversity of soil, most microbes are still unknown. A recent large-scale effort based on genome-resolved metagenomics by Nayfach et al. has demonstrated how this approach can expand our understanding of novel bacterial lineages, including those from soils. Genomic catalogs of soil microbiomes are now enabling a deeper investigation of the evolutionary and functional role of high-complex soil microbiomes, promoting new knowledge from the reuse and sharing of multi-omics data.

Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture CENA University of Sao Paulo USP Piracicaba Brazil

Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic

Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic; Microbial Ecology and Bioinformatics Laboratory Department of Biology Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil

National Laboratory for Scientific Computing Petrópolis Rio de Janeiro Brazil

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Metagenomes, metatranscriptomes and microbiomes of naturally decomposing deadwood