BACKGROUND: Ants (Formicidae) in Mexico have usually been undersampled despite their ecological significance and their utility as environmental service providers and bioindicators. This study estimates the species richness and the narrow endemic species number of ants across Mexico. It also documents the presence of one species newly recorded in Mexico and 19 new state-based records of 14 species from central and north Mexico. No surveys have been performed in most of the localities where we report those records, suggesting the need for a higher sampling effort across the country. NEW INFORMATION: We present an ant species richness estimation and a narrow endemic ant species estimation in a grid of 0.5 degrees in Mexico. Stenamma schmitii is recorded for the first time from Mexico. Additionally, new state-based records of Azteca velox, Dorymyrmex insanus, Camponotus coruscus, Camponotus striatus, Formica propatula, Lasius latipes, Neivamyrmex melanocephalus, Neivamyrmex rugulosus, Syscia augustae, Atta texana, Cephalotes scutulatus, Crematogaster crinosa and Temnothorax andrei are recorded.

Biology Centre Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic Biology Centre Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic

Cátedras CONACYT Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica ENES Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia Mexico Cátedras CONACYT Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica ENES Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia Mexico

Departamento de Biología División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato Guanajuato Mexico Departamento de Biología División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato Guanajuato Mexico

Entomología Departamento de Boátanica y Zoología Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad de Guadalajara Zapopan Jalisco Mexico Entomología Departamento de Boátanica y Zoología Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad de Guadalajara Zapopan Jalisco Mexico

Instituto de Ecología Aplicada Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Cd Victoria Tamaulipas Mexico Instituto de Ecología Aplicada Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Cd Victoria Tamaulipas Mexico

Instituto Politécnico Nacional Silao de la Victoria Guanajuato Mexico

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