Six Dipetalonema species have been reported from Neotropical monkeys, Dipetalonema gracile, Dipetalonema graciliformis and Dipetalonema caudispina being the dominant species found in French Guiana primates. Adult filarioids isolated from the abdominal cavity of tamarins (Saguinus midas) in French Guiana were morphologically and molecularly identified as D. graciliformis. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA and amino acid sequences of the cox1 gene as well as the concatenated sequences of the cox1 and the 18S genes indicated that D. graciliformis belongs to the clade 4 (ONC4) of Onchocercidae. Blast analysis of the 18S rDNA revealed that D. graciliformis in the studied tamarins is conspecific with the filarioid circulating in howler monkeys (Alouatta macconnelli) in French Guiana, previously referred to as unidentified Onchocercidae species.

Aix Marseille Univ IRD AP HM MEPHI IHU Méditerranée Infection 19 21 Boulevard Jean Moulin 13385Marseille France

Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice Czech Republic

Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Bari Bari Italy

Department of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources CINeZ Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague Czech Republic

Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Bu Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran

French Military Health Service Animal Epidemiology Expert Group Tours France

IHU Méditerranée Infection 19 21 Boulevard Jean Moulin 13385Marseille France

Military Health Service French Armed Forces in French Guiana Cayenne France

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