Enteric fever caused by Salmonella typhi has been the most crucial health issue in rural people, especially in Southeast Asia and Africa. Another disease, Salmonellosis, caused by a large group of bacteria of the genus Salmonella, cause substantial economic loss resulting from mortality and morbidity. Higher concentration and repeated use of antibiotics to treat these diseases will likely develop antibiotic resistance among the microbes. The nanoparticle has good penetration power and can kill microbes. Combining two strategies by using nanoparticles with antibiotics kills microbes and reduces the chances of the development of antibiotics resistance. Silver, Nickel, Copper, and Zinc oxide Nanoparticles were chemically synthesized and characterized in this study. Silver nanoparticles at a concentration of 10 µg/ml inhibit all the strains under study. In comparison, silver nanoparticles (16.90 µg/ml), Nickel nanoparticles (83 µg ml-1), Copper nanoparticles (249 µg ml-1), and Zinc oxide (1614 µg ml-1) along with 50 µg/ml cefixime gave maximum zone of inhibition of 35 mm, 19 mm, 31 mm and 23 mm respectively. The antimicrobial assay showed that silver nanoparticles presented good antibacterial performance against all multi-drug-resistant pathogenic Salmonella sp alone as well as in combinations. The present study proved that silver nanoparticles at the lowest concentration along with cefixime could be a possible alternative to control the multi-drug-resistant pathogens.

Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Taif University P O Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia

Department of Geology and Pedology Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology Mendel University in Brno Zemedelska 1 613 00 Brno Czech Republic

Dept of Microbiology PSGVP Mandal's Arts Sci and Comm College SHAHADA 425409 India

Medical Laboratory Technology Department Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia

Naranalala College of Professional and Applied Sciences Navsari Gujarat India

Navsari Agricultural University Navsari Gujarat India

Research and Scientific Studies Unit College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Jazan University Jazan 45142 Saudi Arabia

SMIRES for Consultation in Specialized Medical Laboratories Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia

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