Implementation of multilingual support of the European Multicenter Study about Spinal Cord Injury (EMSCI) ISNCSCI calculator
Jazyk angličtina Země Velká Británie, Anglie Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, multicentrická studie
PubMed
34404913
PubMed Central
PMC8737334
DOI
10.1038/s41393-021-00672-y
PII: 10.1038/s41393-021-00672-y
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohojazyčnost * MeSH
- neurologické vyšetření MeSH
- poranění míchy * diagnóza MeSH
- software MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Since their introduction, electronic International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) calculators have evolved to powerful tools providing error-free ISNCSCI classifications in education, research and clinical practice. For increased accessibility and dissemination, a multilingual support is mandatory. The aim of this work was to setup a general multilingual framework for the freely available ISNCSCI calculator ( https://ais.emsci.org ) of the European Multicenter Study about Spinal Cord Injury (EMSCI). METHODS: The graphical user interface (GUI) and PDF export of the ISNCSCI worksheet were adapted for multilingual implementations. Their language-dependent content was identified. These two steps called internationalization have to be performed by a programmer in preparation of the translations of the English terms into the target language. This step following the internationalization is called localization and needs input by a bi-lingual clinical expert. Two EMSCI partners provided Standard Mandarin Chinese and Czech translations. Finally, the translations are made available in the application. RESULTS: The GUI and PDF export of the ISNCSCI worksheet were internationalized. The default language of the calculator is set according to the user's preferences with the additional possibility for manual language selection. The Chinese as well as a Czech translation were provided freely to the SCI community. CONCLUSIONS: The possibility of multilingual implementations independent from software developers opens the use of ISNCSCI computer algorithms as an efficient training tool on a larger scale.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Peking University 3rd Hospital Beijing China
Spinal Cord Injury Center Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
Zobrazit více v PubMed
American Spinal Injury Association and Internation Spinal Cord Society International Standards Committee. The 2019 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI)-What’s new? Spinal Cord. 2019;57:815–7. doi: 10.1038/s41393-019-0350-9. PubMed DOI
Rupp R, Biering-Sorensen F, Burns SP, Graves DE, Guest J, Jones L, et al. International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury: revised 2019. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2021;27:1–22. doi: 10.46292/sci2702-1. PubMed DOI PMC
Burns AS, Lee BS, Ditunno JF, Jr., Tessler A. Patient selection for clinical trials: the reliability of the early spinal cord injury examination. J Neurotrauma. 2003;20:477–82. doi: 10.1089/089771503765355540. PubMed DOI
Mulcahey MJ, Gaughan J, Betz RR, Vogel LC. Rater agreement on the ISCSCI motor and sensory scores obtained before and after formal training in testing technique. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30:S146. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2007.11754593. PubMed DOI PMC
Chafetz RS, Vogel LC, Betz RR, Gaughan JP, Mulcahey MJ. International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury: training effect on accurate classification. J Spinal Cord Med. 2008;31:538–42. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2008.11753649. PubMed DOI PMC
Liu N, Zhou M, Krassioukov A, Biering-Sørensen F. Training effectiveness when teaching the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) to medical students. Spinal Cord. 2013;51:768–71. doi: 10.1038/sc.2013.75. PubMed DOI
Schuld C, Franz S, Brüggemann K, Heutehaus L, Weidner N, Kirshblum SC, et al. International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury: impact of the revised worksheet (revision 02/13) on classification performance. J Spinal Cord Med. 2016;39:504–12. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2016.1180831. PubMed DOI PMC
Schuld C, Wiese J, Hug A, Putz C, van Hedel HJ, Spiess MR, et al. Computer implementation of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury for consistent and efficient derivation of its subscores including handling of data from not testable segments. J Neurotrauma. 2012;29:453–6. doi: 10.1089/neu.2011.2085. PubMed DOI
Schuld C, Franz S, van Hedel HJ, Moosburger J, Maier D, Abel R, et al. International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury: classification skills of clinicians versus computational algorithms. Spinal Cord. 2015;53:324–31. doi: 10.1038/sc.2014.221. PubMed DOI
Rupp R, Schweidler J, Curt A, Dietz V, Gerner HJ. An electronic tool for multicenter administration, assessment and analysis of clinical trials in spinal cord injury. Biomedizinische Tech. 2005;Suppl. 1:1460–1.
Walden K, Belanger LM, Biering-Sorensen F, Burns SP, Echeverria E, Kirshblum S, et al. Development and validation of a computerized algorithm for International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) Spinal Cord. 2016;54:197–203. doi: 10.1038/sc.2015.137. PubMed DOI PMC
Andrew AM. Software without frontiers: a multi-platform, multi-cultural, multi-nation approach. In: Hall PAV, Hudson R, editors. Series in software engineering practice. Chichester: Wiley; 1997. x+ 338 pp, ISBN 0-471-96974-5. Robotica. 1998;16:119-21.
Esselink B. A practical guide to localization. Multilingual Computing and Technology. Amsterdam/Philadelphia. John Benjamins Publishing; 2000.
Lewis MP, Simons GF, Fennig CD. Ethnologue: languages of the world. Dallas, TX: SIL International; 2009.
American Spinal Injury Association. International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury, revised 2011, updated 2015. Richmond, VA: American Spinal Injury Association; 2011.
Ueno D. GNU gettext. 2021. https://gnu.org/software/gettext/.
Ruhnke I. Tiny gettext. 2021. https://github.com/tinygettext/tinygettext.
American Standards Association. American standard code for information interchange. ASA X3. 1963;4. https://www.sr-ix.com/Archive/CharCodeHist/X3.4-1963/index.html.
Yergeau F. UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646 (RFC-3629). 2003. http://toolsietf.org/html/rfc3629. Accessed 18 June 2013.
Hardy M, Masinter L, Markovic D, Johnson D, Bailey M. The application/pdf Media Type, RFC 8118, 10.17487/RFC8118. 2017. https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8118.
Ferraiolo, J., Jackson, D., and Fujisawa, J. Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1 Specification. Technical report, W3C. 2003. http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/RECSVG11-20030114/.
Fielding R, Gettys J, Mogul J, Frystyk H, Masinter L, Leach P, Berners-Lee T, Hypertext transfer protocol–HTTP/1.1. RFC 2616, June; 1999. https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2616.
Biering-Sorensen F, Alexander MS, Burns S, Charlifue S, DeVivo M, Dietz V, et al. Recommendations for translation and reliability testing of International Spinal Cord Injury Data Sets. Spinal Cord. 2011;49:357–60. doi: 10.1038/sc.2010.153. PubMed DOI
Kříž J, Háková R, Hlinková Z, Frgalová B, Hyšperská V, Špaňhelová Š. Evaluation of electronic forms for the assessment of spinal cord injured patients [In Czech] Neurol Prax. 2015;16:276–81.
American Spinal Injury Association. International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury, (Chinese translation: Zhou MW, Chen ZQ, Liu N), 7th edn. Beijing, China: People’s Medical Publishing House; 2013.
Schuld C, Franz S, Schweidler J, Xing H, Zhou M, Weidner N, et al. Internationalization of the EMSCI ISNCSCI calculator - exemplarily illustrated by the Chinese translation. In: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting; April 13-16, 2016; Loews Philadelphia Hotel; 2016.
Schuld C, Franz S, Schweidler J, Xing H, Zhou M, Weidner N, et al. Internationalization of the EMSCI ISNCSCI calculator - exemplarily illustrated by the Chinese translation. In: International Spinal Cord Society (ISCos) 2016 Annual Scientific Meeting; April 13-16, 2016; Hofburg, Vienna, Austria; 2016.
Nantel J, Glaser E. The impact of language and culture on perceived website usability. J Eng Technol Manag. 2008;25:112–22. doi: 10.1016/j.jengtecman.2008.01.005. DOI
MacIntyre PD, Gardner RC. The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Lang Learn. 1994;44:283–305. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1994.tb01103.x. DOI
Seidlhofer B. English as a lingua franca. ELT J. 2005;59:339. doi: 10.1093/elt/cci064. DOI
Rupp R, Schuld C, Biering-Sørensen F, Walden K, Rodriguez GM, Kirshblum S. A taxonomy for consistent handling of conditions not related to the spinal cord injury (SCI) in the International Standards for Neurological Classification of SCI (ISNCSCI). Spinal Cord. June 9, 2021. 10.1038/s41393-021-00646-0. PubMed PMC
Schuld C, Wiese J, Franz S, Putz C, Stierle I, Smoor I, et al. Effect of formal training in scaling, scoring and classification of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury. Spinal Cord. 2013;51:282–8. doi: 10.1038/sc.2012.149. PubMed DOI
Franz S, Heutehaus L, Weinand S, Weidner N, Rupp R, Schuld C. Theoretical and practical training improves knowledge of the examination guidelines of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury. Spinal Cord. Nov. 17, 2020. 10.1038/s41393-020-00578-1. PubMed PMC
Franz S, Kirshblum SC, Weidner N, Rupp R, Schuld C, group Es. Motor levels in high cervical spinal cord injuries: Implications for the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2016;39:513–7. doi: 10.1080/10790268.2016.1138602. PubMed DOI PMC
Heutehaus L, Schuld C, Solinas D, Hensel C, Kämmerer T, Weidner N, et al. Revisiting the examination of sharp/dull discrimination as clinical measure of spinothalamic tract integrity. Front Neurol. Jul. 1, 2021;12:677888. 10.3389/fneur.2021.677888. PubMed PMC