Transcriptome data were collected in rat dopamine cells exposed to fipronil for 24 h using microarray analysis. Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole pesticide that acts to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), blocking inhibitory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Transcriptome data were subjected to pathway analysis and subnetwork enrichment analysis. We report that 25 µM fipronil altered transcriptional networks in dopamine-synthesizing cells that are associated with Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington Disease, and Schizophrenia. Data analysis revealed that nerve fibre degeneration, nervous system malformations, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation were all disease processes related to the transcriptome profile observed in the rat neuronal cells. Other disease networks altered by fipronil exposure at the transcript level were associated with the mitochondria, including mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome and mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. These data, along with those presented in Souders et al. (2021), are significant because they increase understanding into the molecular mechanisms underlying human disease following exposures to neuroactive pesticides. These data can be reused to inform adverse outcome pathways for neurotoxic pesticides.

Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology University of Florida Genetics Institute Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA

Research Center for Toxic Compounds in the Environment Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 Brno Czech Republic

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Souders II C.L., Rushin A., Sanchez C.L., Toth D., Adamovsky O., Martyniuk C.J. Mitochondrial and transcriptome responses in rat dopaminergic neuronal cells following exposure to the insecticide fipronil. Neurotoxicology. 2021;85:173–185. PubMed

Cowie A.M., Sarty K.I., Mercer A., Koh J., Kidd K.A., Martyniuk C.J. Molecular networks related to the immune system and mitochondria are targets for the pesticide dieldrin in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) central nervous system. J. Proteom. 2017;157:71–82. PubMed