The finite element analysis technique was used to investigate the suitability of silver nanorods, spheres, ellipsoids and core−shell structures for the hyperthermia treatment of cancer. The temperature of the silver nanostructures was raised from 42 to 46 °C, in order to kill the cancerous cells. The time taken by the nanostructures to attain this temperature, with external source heating, was also estimated. The heat transfer module in COMSOL Multiphysics was used for the finite element analysis of hyperthermia, based on silver nanostructures. The thermal response of different shapes of silver nanostructures was evaluated by placing them inside the spherical domain of the tumor tissue. The proposed geometries were heated at different time intervals. Optimization of the geometries was performed to achieve the best treatment temperature. It was observed that silver nanorods quickly attain the desired temperature, as compared to other shapes. The silver nanorods achieved the highest temperature of 44.3 °C among all the analyzed geometries. Moreover, the central volume, used to identify the thermal response, was the maximum for the silver nano-ellipsoids. Thermal equilibrium in the treatment region was attained after 0.5 μs of heating, which made these structures suitable for hyperthermia treatment.

Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology National Skills University Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy Najran University Najran 11001 Saudi Arabia

Department of Physics Faisalabad Campus Riphah International University Faisalabad 44000 Pakistan

Department of Physics University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

Electrical Engineering Department College of Engineering Najran University Najran 61441 Saudi Arabia

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Poznan University of Technology 60 965 Poznan Poland

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VSB Technical University of Ostrava Poruba 708 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

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