Cryptococcal Pneumonia: An Unusual Complication in a COVID-19 Patient

. 2022 Aug 12 ; 12 (8) : . [epub] 20220812

Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Jazyk angličtina Země Švýcarsko Médium electronic

Typ dokumentu časopisecké články

Perzistentní odkaz   https://www.medvik.cz/link/pmid36010294

Grantová podpora
CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001826 Ministry of Education Youth and Sports
LM2018128 Ministry of Education Youth and Sports
65269705 Ministry of Health

Odkazy

PubMed 36010294
PubMed Central PMC9406651
DOI 10.3390/diagnostics12081944
PII: diagnostics12081944
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje

Cryptococcal superinfection is a rare but potentially fatal complication, especially if its detection and subsequent treatment are delayed. Histopathological findings of pulmonary parenchyma from a deceased patient with these complications were acquired. Quite interestingly, only a minimal inflammatory reaction could be seen in an individual with no previously known immune suppression, indicating a disturbance of the immune system. This finding was well in concordance with the described changes in cellular immunity in COVID-19. We report the case of a 60 year old male with critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complicated by cryptococcal pneumonia and multiorgan failure. Both X-ray and CT scans revealed lung infiltrates corresponding with COVID-19 infection early after the onset of symptoms. Despite receiving standard treatment, the patient progressed into multiple organ failure, requiring mechanical ventilation, circulatory support, and haemodialysis. Cryptococcus neoformans was detected by subsequent BAL, and specific antifungal treatment was instituted. His clinical status deteriorated despite all treatment, and he died of refractory circulatory failure after 21 days from hospital admission. Histopathological findings confirmed severe diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) caused by COVID-19 and cryptococcal pneumonia. Timely diagnosis of cryptococcal superinfection may be challenging; therefore, PCR panels detecting even uncommon pathogens should be implemented while taking care of critical COVID-19 patients.

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