OBJECTIVE: There is no consensus regarding the terminology, definition, classification, diagnostic criteria, and algorithm, or reporting standards for the disease of infective native aortic aneurysm (INAA), previously known as mycotic aneurysm. The aim of this study was to establish this by performing a consensus study. METHODS: The Delphi methodology was used. Thirty-seven international experts were invited via mail to participate. Four two week Delphi rounds were performed, using an online questionnaire, initially with 22 statements and nine reporting items. The panellists rated the statements on a five point Likert scale. Comments on statements were analysed, statements revised, and results presented in iterative rounds. Consensus was defined as ≥ 75% of the panel selecting "strongly agree" or "agree" on the Likert scale, and consensus on the final assessment was defined as Cronbach's alpha coefficient > .80. RESULTS: All 38 panellists completed all four rounds, resulting in 100% participation and agreement that this study was necessary, and the term INAA was agreed to be optimal. Three more statements were added based on the results and comments of the panel, resulting in a final 25 statements and nine reporting items. All 25 statements reached an agreement of ≥ 87%, and all nine reporting items reached an agreement of 100%. The Cronbach's alpha increased for each consecutive round (round 1 = .84, round 2 = .87, round 3 = .90, and round 4 = .92). Thus, consensus was reached for all statements and reporting items. CONCLUSION: This Delphi study established the first consensus document on INAA regarding terminology, definition, classification, diagnostic criteria, and algorithm, as well as reporting standards. The results of this study create essential conditions for scientific research on this disease. The presented consensus will need future amendments in accordance with newly acquired knowledge.

Centro Vascolare Ticino Ospedale Regionale di Lugano Lugano Switzerland; Universitätsinstitut für Diagnostische Interventionelle und Pädiatrische Radiologie Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland

Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taiwan

College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University and National Cheng Kung University Hospital Taiwan

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery University Heart Centre Freiburg University Freiburg Germany

Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Lausanne Switzerland

Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand

Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Prince of Songkla University Thailand

Department of Surgical Sciences Vascular Surgery Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden

Department of Vascular Surgery and Kidney Transplantation University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France and GEPROMED Strasbourg France

Department of Vascular Surgery Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland

Department of Vascular Surgery Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland; Kantonsspital Winterthur Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery Winterthur Switzerland

Department of Vascular Surgery Na Homolce Hospital Prague Czech Republic

Department of Vascular Surgery Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

Department of Vascular Surgery Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary

Department of Vascular Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center Tokyo Japan

Department of Vascular Surgery University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium

Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Advanced Aortic Research Program Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery McGovern Medical School University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX USA

Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Cardiovascular Department University Hospital of Trieste Italy

Division of Vascular Surgery Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark

Division of Vascular Surgery Department of Surgery The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

German Aortic Center Department of Vascular Medicine University Hospital Eppendorf Hamburg Germany

Haga Teaching Hospital The Hague The Netherlands

Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland

National Taiwan University Hospital Taiwan

School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King's College London London UK and Department of Vascular Surgery Imperial Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust London UK

University Hospital of Patras University of Patras Patras Greece

University Hospitals Birmingham Birmingham UK

University of Alabama at Birmingham Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy Birmingham AL United States

Vascular and General Surgery Department Bordeaux University Hospital Bordeaux France

Vascular Surgery Department Henri Mondor University Hospital Creteil France

Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA

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