The aim of this study was to monitor changes in the components of the metabolic syndrome defined by Adult Treatment Panel III and the risk of adipose tissue. The study population consisted of 45 patients (30 women, 15 men) who underwent one bariatric procedure - partial jejuno-ileal derivation (n=17), sleeve resection (n=14) or laparoscopic gastric - plication (n=14). Components of metabolic syndrome such as waist circumference, morning glycemia/antihypertension, TAG, HDL cholesterol and blood pressure (BP)/antihypertension were monitored in probands. In addition, Dual Energy X-Ray Absorciometry measurements were performed. Parameters were monitored over the course of one year. The study shows that it is an effective method of weight reduction for the study population with metabolic effects in the risk components of metabolic syndrome - fasting glycemia, increase in HDL cholesterol and reduction in triacylglycerols in the blood, reduction in waist circumference and BP or direct disappearance of metabolic syndrome. Significantly, of the entire cohort, 68.9 % of the probands studied showed signs of metabolic syndrome when measured before the intervention. At the end of follow-up, only 22.2 % of probands showed metabolic syndrome. It was also found that if the amount of visceral fat was reduced, the overall risk of metabolic syndrome was also reduced. The study demonstrates a significant positive effect of bariatric surgery on parameters of metabolic syndrome. The study also showed a positive effect of reduced visceral fat volume on the components of metabolic syndrome.

Human Motion Diagnostic Centre Department of Human Movement Studies Faculty of Education University of Ostrava Ostrava Moravská Ostrava Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Roberto CA, Swinburn B, Hawkes C, Huang TT-K, Costa SA, Ashe M, Zwicker L, et al. Patchy progress on obesity prevention: emerging examples, entrenched barriers, and new thinking. Lancet. 2015;385:2400–2409. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61744-X. PubMed DOI

Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany EC, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384:766–781. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8. PubMed DOI PMC

Karastergiou K, Mohamed-Ali V. The autocrine and paracrine roles of adipokines. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010;318:69–78. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.11.011. PubMed DOI

Gouveia ÉR, Gouveia BR, Marques A, Peralta M, França C, Lima A, Campos A, et al. Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults and Older Adults from Amazonas Brazil. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:1303. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031303. PubMed DOI PMC

Pérez-Martínez P, Mikhailidis DP, Athyros VG, Bullo M, Couture P, Covas MI, de Koning L, et al. Lifestyle recommendations for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome: an international panel recommendation. Nutr Rev. 2017;75:307–326. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nux014. PubMed DOI PMC

Yang X, Telama R, Hirvensalo M, Mattsson N, Viikari JSA, Raitakari OT. The Longitudinal Effects of Physical Activity History on Metabolic Syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40:1424–1431. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318172ced4. PubMed DOI

Myers J, Kokkinos P, Nyelin E. Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and the Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients. 2019;11:1652. doi: 10.3390/nu11071652. PubMed DOI PMC

GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators. Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:13–27. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1614362. PubMed DOI PMC

Hoyas I, Leon-Sanz M. Nutritional Challenges in Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Med. 2019;8:1301. doi: 10.3390/jcm8091301. PubMed DOI PMC

da Costa MVG, de Lima LR, da Silva ICR, Rehem TCMSB, Funghetto SS, Stival MM. Risco cardiovascular aumentado e o papel da síndrome metabólica em idosos hipertensos. Esc Anna Nery. 2021;25:e20200055. doi: 10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2020-0055. DOI

Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) JAMA. 2001;285:2486–2497. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486. PubMed DOI

Alberti KGMM, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart J-C, et al. Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome: A Joint Interim Statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009;120:1640–1645. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644. PubMed DOI

Rubino F, Nathan DM, Eckel RH, Schauer PRK, Alberti KGMM, Zimmet PZ, Del Prato S, et al. Metabolic Surgery in the Treatment Algorithm for Type 2 Diabetes: A Joint Statement by International Diabetes Organizations. Diabetes Care. 2016;39:861–877. doi: 10.2337/dc16-0236. PubMed DOI

English WJ, DeMaria EJ, Brethauer SA, Mattar SG, Rosenthal RJ, Morton JM. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery estimation of metabolic and bariatric procedures performed in the United States in 2016. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14:259–263. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.12.013. PubMed DOI

Eisenberg D, Shikora SA, Aarts E, Aminian A, Angrisani L, Cohen RV, de Luca M, et al. 2022 American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Indications for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg. 2023;33:3–14. doi: 10.1007/s11695-022-06332-1. PubMed DOI PMC

Shariq OA, McKenna NP, McKenzie TJ. Letter to the Editor Re: The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Patients Undergoing Breast Reduction Surgery. Obes Surg. 2020;30:2419–2420. doi: 10.1007/s11695-020-04526-z. PubMed DOI

Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Stefanovic A, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V. Obesity and dyslipidemia. Metabolism. 2019;92:71–81. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.11.005. PubMed DOI

Basavanthappa R, et al. The role of triglycerides and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio as a positive predictive factor in peripheral vascular disease. Indian J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2021;8:72–76. doi: 10.4103/ijves.ijves_151_20. DOI

Xu Z, Liu Y, Yan C, Yang R, Xu L, Guo Z, Yu A, et al. Measurement of visceral fat and abdominal obesity by single-frequency bioelectrical impedance and CT: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2021;11:e048221. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048221. PubMed DOI PMC

Chaudry O, Grimm A, Friedberger A, Kemmler W, Uder M, Jakob F, Quick HH, et al. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis to Assess Visceral and Abdominal Adipose Tissue. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020;28:277–283. doi: 10.1002/oby.22712. PubMed DOI

Kishida K, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Shimomura I. Visceral adiposity as a target for the management of the metabolic syndrome. Ann Med. 2012;44:233–241. doi: 10.3109/07853890.2011.564202. PubMed DOI

Kaul S, Rothney MP, Peters DM, Wacker WK, Davis CE, Shapiro MD, Ergun DL. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for quantification of visceral fat. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012;20:1313–1318. doi: 10.1038/oby.2011.393. PubMed DOI PMC

Rothney MP, Xia Y, Wacker W, Martin F-P, Beaumont M, Rezzi S, Giusti V, Ergun DL. Precision of a new tool to measure visceral adipose tissue (VAT) using dual-energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DXA) Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21:E134–E136. doi: 10.1002/oby.20140. PubMed DOI

Mellis MG, Oldroyd B, Hind K. In vivo precision of the GE Lunar iDXA for the measurement of visceral adipose tissue in adults: the influence of body mass index. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014;68:1365–1367. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.213. PubMed DOI

Swainson MG, Batterham AM, Tsakirides C, Rutherford ZH, Hind K. Prediction of whole-body fat percentage and visceral adipose tissue mass from five anthropometric variables. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0177175. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177175. PubMed DOI PMC

Eriksson Hogling D, Rydén M, Bäckdahl J, Thorell A, Arner P, Andersson DP. Body fat mass and distribution as predictors of metabolic outcome and weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14:936–942. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.03.012. PubMed DOI

Felipe LA, Bachi ALL, Oliveira MC, Moreira SMBP, Afonso JPR, Lino MEM, Paixão V, et al. Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the metabolic profile and systemic inflammatory status of women with metabolic syndrome: randomized controlled clinical trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2023;15:19. doi: 10.1186/s13098-023-00986-2. PubMed DOI PMC

van Loon SLM, Gensen C, Nienhuijs SW, Biter LU, Klaassen RA, van’t Hof G, Faneyte IF, et al. The Metabolic Health Index Identifies Patients That Will Benefit From Metabolic Surgery. J Surg Res. 2023;285:211–219. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.10.044. PubMed DOI

Domínguez Alvarado GA, Otero Rosales MC, Cala Duran JC, Serrano-Gómez S, Carrero Barragan TY, Domínguez Alvarado PN, Ramírez ML, et al. The effect of bariatric surgery on metabolic syndrome: A retrospective cohort study in Colombia. Health Sci Rep. 2023;6:e1090. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1090. PubMed DOI PMC

Després J-P. Body fat distribution and risk of cardiovascular disease: an update. Circulation. 2012;126:1301–1313. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.067264. PubMed DOI

Millar SR, Perry IJ, Phillips CM. Assessing cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged adults using body mass index and waist-height ratio: are two indices better than one? A cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2015;7:73. doi: 10.1186/s13098-015-0069-5. PubMed DOI PMC