Estimated stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity mediates the associations of total cysteine with adiposity: The Maastricht Study
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article
PubMed
40024839
DOI
10.1016/j.jacl.2024.11.005
PII: S1933-2874(24)00276-9
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Body fat depots, Obesity, Plasma sulfur amino acids, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase, Total cysteine,
- MeSH
- Adiposity * MeSH
- Cysteine * blood MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Obesity blood MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase * metabolism blood MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Cysteine * MeSH
- Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase * MeSH
BACKGROUND: Plasma sulfur amino acids (SAAs), particularly cysteine, are associated with obesity. One proposed mechanism is the altered regulation of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) enzyme. Changes in the SCD enzyme activity have been linked to obesity, as well as to plasma SAA concentrations. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether estimated SCD activity mediates the associations between plasma SAAs and measures of overall adiposity and specific fat depots. METHODS: We examined cross-sectional data from a subset of the Maastricht Study (n = 1129, 50.7% men, 56.7% with (pre)diabetes). Concentrations of methionine, total homocysteine, cystathionine, total cysteine (tCys), total glutathione (tGSH), and taurine were measured in fasting plasma. Outcomes included measures of overall, peripheral and central adiposity, and liver fat. SCD activity was estimated by ratios of serum fatty acids as SCD16 and SCD18 indices. The associations between plasma SAAs and measures of adiposity or liver fat were examined with multiple linear regression analysis. Multiple mediation analysis was used to investigate whether the significant associations were mediated by SCD16 and SCD18 indices. RESULTS: Plasma tCys was positively associated with all adiposity measures (β ranged from 0.15 to 0.30). SCD16 significantly mediated all associations (proportion mediated ranged from 5.1% to 9.7%). Inconsistent mediation effects were found for SCD18. Despite a significant inverse association of plasma tGSH with all adiposity measures (β ranged from -0.08 to -0.16), no significant mediation effect was found. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma tCys may promote excessive body fat accumulation via upregulation of SCD activity.
CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
Department of Nutrition Institute of Basic Medical Sciences University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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