Jan Evangelista Purkyně, born on December 17, 1787, in Bohemia (now part of the Czech Republic), was a prominent scientist renowned for his discoveries in eye, brain, and heart physiology. To honor him 156 years after his death, the present article explores Purkyně's history, from the struggles of his youth to the main legacies he left in medicine, especially neurology.

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Departamento de Neurologia Porto Alegre RS Brazil

Universidade Federal do Paraná Departamento de Clínica Médica Serviço de Neurologia Curitiba PR Brazil

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