Porodaedalea is one of the core genera of Hymenochaetaceae, comprising 19 species widespread in the Northern Hemisphere. Its members grow on conifers and cause white pocket rot. Nevertheless, the origin, evolution and dispersal of Porodaedalea have remained unclear. In this study, a robust phylogeny of the genus is reconstructed using molecular sequences from four loci (ITS + LSU rDNA + rpb2 + tef1α). Molecular clock analyses suggest that the ancestor of Porodaedalea probably occurred at the Late Cretaceous (80 millions of years ago (Mya) with a 95 % highest posterior density (HPD) of 112-51 Mya), and diverse species mainly emerged between Pliocene and Miocene of Neogene (20-4 Mya of mean stem age). Biogeographic analyses propose that Porodaedalea originated in Asia and diversified in the Northern Hemisphere. After that, the genus evolved with ten global dispersal events and five global vicariance events. Finally, geographic separation and host tree preference provided niches for Porodaedalea species.

Biology Centre Institute of Plant Molecular Biology Czech Academy of Sciences Branišovská 31 CZ 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Royal Botanic Gardens Kew London TW9 3DS UK

State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China

State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China; CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110164 China

Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungi Symbiotic Biology Zhaotong University Zhaotong 657000 Yunnan China

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