In the present paper, we revise the taxonomy of the Auriculariales having pedunculate (stalked) basidia. In total, sixteen new species from Europe, East Asia, North and South America, and tropical Africa are described. They are classified among the genera Hydrophana, Mycostilla, Myxarium, Protoacia, Protohydnum, and Protomerulius. In addition, the generic affiliation of eleven extant species is re-established based on phylogenetic and/or morphological evidence. A new genus, Elmericium, is introduced to accommodate a crust-like fungus, E.alabastrinum, from East Asia; phylogenetic data place it in the vicinity of the anatomically similar poroid genera Elmerina and Protodaedalea (Auriculariaceae). The generic description of Protohydnum is amended; in its current scope, the genus encompasses several species formerly assigned to Bourdotia, Ductifera, and Exidiopsis. Available environmental data point to a wider distribution of some Protomerulius spp. and greater species diversity in the genus than currently surmised from physical fungal samples.

Biology Centre Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Branišovská 31 CZ 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Departamento de Micologia Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Avenida da Engenharia s n Recife Pernambuco 50740 600 Brazil

Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Box 463 University of Gothenburg 405 30 Gothenburg Sweden

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee 1406 Circle Drive Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA

Finnish Museum of Natural History University of Helsinki PO Box 7 00014 Helsinki Finland

Institute of Biological Sciences University of Oslo P O Box 1045 Blindern N 0316 Oslo Norway

Naturalis Biodiversity Center Darwinweg 2 2333 CR Leiden Netherlands

Office National des Forêts 5 avenue Mirandol 48000 Mende France

Shatelena str 20 75 194021 St Petersburg Russia

Slovenian Forestry Institute Večna pot 2 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia

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