Oral Semaglutide and Heart Failure Outcomes in Persons With Type 2 Diabetes: A Secondary Analysis of the SOUL Randomized Clinical Trial
Status Publisher Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
PubMed
41627802
PubMed Central
PMC12865694
DOI
10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.7774
PII: 2844096
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
IMPORTANCE: Heart failure (HF) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Oral semaglutide reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE; comprising CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke) in people with T2D in the SOUL trial, but the impact on HF outcomes in these participants is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of oral semaglutide on HF events, MACE, and safety among participants with or without HF at baseline. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This is a secondary analysis of the double-blind, placebo-controlled, event-driven, phase 3b SOUL randomized clinical trial, which was conducted at 444 centers in 33 countries. Participants were enrolled from June 17, 2019, to March 24, 2021, and had T2D and atherosclerotic CV disease and/or chronic kidney disease, stratified according to the presence or absence of HF history at baseline. Data were analyzed from December 2024 to August 2025. INTERVENTION: Once-daily oral semaglutide or placebo in addition to standard of care. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Prespecified composite HF outcome (time to first occurrence of HF hospitalization, urgent HF visit, or CV death). RESULTS: Overall, 9650 participants (median [IQR] age, 66.0 [61.0-72.0] years; 2790 [28.9%] female) were randomized, with a mean (SD) follow-up of 47.5 (10.9) months. Of these participants, 2229 (23.1%) had HF history (991 [10.3%] with preserved ejection fraction, 592 [6.1%] with reduced ejection fraction, and 646 [6.7%] with unknown subtype). For participants with HF at baseline, the hazard ratio (HR) for risk of the composite HF outcome with oral semaglutide vs placebo was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.63-0.96) and was 1.01 (95% CI, 0.84-1.20) in those without HF at baseline (P for interaction = .06). Among participants with HF, the HR was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.39-0.86) in those with preserved ejection fraction and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.70-1.38) in those with reduced ejection fraction. There was no heterogeneity in the risk reduction of MACE with oral semaglutide in participants with HF history (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.68-1.01) or without HF history (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75-0.98) (P for interaction = .77). Serious adverse event occurrence among participants with HF was similar with oral semaglutide (594 [53.8%]) and placebo (642 [57.1%]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this secondary analysis of the SOUL randomized clinical trial, among individuals with T2D, atherosclerotic CV disease, and/or chronic kidney disease, a reduction of HF events was observed with use of oral semaglutide compared with placebo in those with a history of HF, without increasing the risk of serious adverse events. These data support the potential benefit of oral semaglutide in reducing HF events in people with T2D and HF. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03914326.
Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Washington Seattle
Department of Diabetology Endocrinology and Nephrology University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany
Diabetes Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Prague Czechia
Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
Division of Metabolism Endocrinology and Diabetes University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor
Duke National University of Singapore Outram Singapore
Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen Erlangen Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research Tübingen Germany
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences University College London London England United Kingdom
KfH Kidney Center Munich Germany
National Heart Centre Singapore Outram Singapore
Novo Nordisk A S Søborg Denmark
Section of Endocrinology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
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ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03914326
