Substrate Cycling [cyklování substrátu] topical
- Terms
-
jalové cykly (metabolismus)
prázdné cyklování
prázdné cyklování substrátů
prázdné substrátové cykly
substrátové cykly (metabolismus)
-
Futile Cycles
Futile Cycling
Futile Substrate Cycles
Futile Substrate Cycling
A set of opposing, nonequilibrium reactions catalyzed by different enzymes which act simultaneously, with at least one of the reactions driven by ATP hydrolysis. The results of the cycle are that ATP energy is depleted, heat is produced and no net substrate-to-product conversion is achieved. Examples of substrate cycling are cycling of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis pathways and cycling of the triglycerides and fatty acid pathways. Rates of substrate cycling may be increased many-fold in association with hypermetabolic states resulting from severe burns, cold exposure, hyperthyroidism, or acute exercise.
- Annotation
- restricted to enzyme activity; almost never IM; coord NIM with specific enzyme (IM)
Allowable subheadings
G02.111 Biochemical Phenomena
G02.111.007 Acid-Base Equilibrium
G02.111.012 Acylation
G02.111.017 Aerobiosis
G02.111.026 Agglutination
G02.111.035 Alkylation
G02.111.044 Allosteric Regulation
G02.111.053 Amination
G02.111.062 Anaerobiosis
G02.111.071 Autotrophic Processes
G02.111.080 Base Composition
G02.111.084 Binding, Competitive
G02.111.086 Biocatalysis
G02.111.087 Biochemical Processes obsolete
G02.111.092 Biomineralization
G02.111.098 Biosynthetic Pathways
G02.111.109 Biotinylation
G02.111.130 Body Composition
G02.111.150 Brain Chemistry
G02.111.158 Carbohydrate Metabolism
G02.111.165 Citric Acid Cycle
G02.111.180 Cyclization
G02.111.188 Dealkylation
G02.111.192 Deamination
G02.111.195 Decarboxylation
G02.111.210 DNA Cleavage
G02.111.218 DNA Methylation
G02.111.222 DNA Repair
G02.111.225 DNA Replication
G02.111.240 Down-Regulation
G02.111.248 Electron Transport
G02.111.255 Energy Transfer
G02.111.263 Enzyme Activation
G02.111.270 Esterification
G02.111.323 Halogenation
G02.111.375 Heterotrophic Processes
G02.111.380 Hydrogenation
G02.111.385 Hydroxylation
G02.111.490 Kinetics
G02.111.515 Lipid Peroxidation
G02.111.528 Lipogenesis
G02.111.534 Lipolysis
G02.111.540 Lipoylation
G02.111.545 Melanogenesis
G02.111.550 Membrane Fluidity
G02.111.560 Molecular Mimicry
G02.111.570 Molecular Structure
G02.111.587 Nitrogen Cycle
G02.111.595 Nitrosation
G02.111.603 Nucleic Acid Denaturation
G02.111.611 Nucleic Acid Hybridization
G02.111.619 Nucleic Acid Renaturation
G02.111.635 Osmoregulation
G02.111.655 Osmosis
G02.111.660 Peptide Biosynthesis
G02.111.665 Phosphorylation
G02.111.669 Phototrophic Processes
G02.111.672 Prenylation
G02.111.675 Protein Aggregation, Pathological
G02.111.679 Protein Binding
G02.111.688 Protein Folding
G02.111.691 Protein Modification, Translational
G02.111.694 Protein Multimerization
G02.111.700 Protein Stability
G02.111.720 Proteolysis
G02.111.730 Proteostasis
G02.111.740 RNA Cleavage
G02.111.750 RNA Folding
G02.111.760 RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
G02.111.770 RNA Replication
G02.111.780 RNA Stability
G02.111.810 Sequence Homology
G02.111.820 Signal Transduction
G02.111.830 Structure-Activity Relationship
G02.111.833 Substrate Cycling
G02.111.835 Substrate Specificity
G02.111.873 Transcription, Genetic
G02.111.905 Up-Regulation
G03 Metabolic Phenomena obsolete
G03.295 Energy Metabolism
G03.295.154 Basal Metabolism
G03.295.342 Citric Acid Cycle
G03.295.436 Glycolysis
G03.295.484 Metabolic Reprogramming
G03.295.531 Oxidation-Reduction
G03.295.631 Oxidative Phosphorylation
G03.295.693 Pentose Phosphate Pathway
G03.295.724 Photophosphorylation
G03.295.770 Proton-Motive Force
G03.295.835 Substrate Cycling