Homologous recombination (HR) is essential for maintenance of genome stability through double-strand break (DSB) repair, but at the same time HR can lead to loss of heterozygosity and uncontrolled recombination can be genotoxic. The post-translational modification by SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) has been shown to modulate recombination, but the exact mechanism of this regulation remains unclear. Here we show that SUMOylation stabilizes the interaction between the recombination mediator Rad52 and its paralogue Rad59 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although Rad59 SUMOylation is not required for survival after genotoxic stress, it affects the outcome of recombination to promote conservative DNA repair. In some genetic assays, Rad52 and Rad59 SUMOylation act synergistically. Collectively, our data indicate that the described SUMO modifications affect the balance between conservative and non-conservative mechanisms of HR.
- MeSH
- chromozomy hub genetika MeSH
- DNA opravný a rekombinační protein Rad52 chemie metabolismus MeSH
- DNA vazebné proteiny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- homologní rekombinace * MeSH
- lysin metabolismus MeSH
- mitóza genetika MeSH
- poškození DNA MeSH
- proteinové domény MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- sumoylace * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Homologous recombination (HR) plays a vital role in DNA metabolic processes including meiosis, DNA repair, DNA replication and rDNA homeostasis. HR defects can lead to pathological outcomes, including genetic diseases and cancer. Recent studies suggest that the post-translational modification by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) protein plays an important role in mitotic and meiotic recombination. However, the precise role of SUMOylation during recombination is still unclear. Here, we characterize the effect of SUMOylation on the biochemical properties of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombination mediator protein Rad52. Interestingly, Rad52 SUMOylation is enhanced by single-stranded DNA, and we show that SUMOylation of Rad52 also inhibits its DNA binding and annealing activities. The biochemical effects of SUMO modification in vitro are accompanied by a shorter duration of spontaneous Rad52 foci in vivo and a shift in spontaneous mitotic recombination from single-strand annealing to gene conversion events in the SUMO-deficient Rad52 mutants. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of Rad52 SUMOylation as part of a 'quality control' mechanism regulating the efficiency of recombination and DNA repair.
- MeSH
- DNA opravný a rekombinační protein Rad52 chemie metabolismus MeSH
- jednovláknová DNA metabolismus MeSH
- lysin metabolismus MeSH
- oprava DNA MeSH
- protein SUMO-1 metabolismus MeSH
- rekombinace genetická MeSH
- rekombinasa Rad51 metabolismus MeSH
- replikační protein A metabolismus MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- terciární struktura proteinů MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
