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Bell Museum and Department of Plant a... 1 Biology Centre The Czech Academy of S... 1 Biology Centre The Czech Academy of S... 1 Centre for Natural Resources Research... 1 Department of Biology Lund University... 1 Faculty of Science University of Sout... 1 Faculty of Science University of Sout... 1 National Museum of Natural History Sm... 1 Natural Chemistry Research Group Depa... 1 New Guinea Binatang Research Center P... 1
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Bell Museum and Department of Plant a... 1 Biology Centre The Czech Academy of S... 1 Biology Centre The Czech Academy of S... 1 Centre for Natural Resources Research... 1 Department of Biology Lund University... 1 Faculty of Science University of Sout... 1 Faculty of Science University of Sout... 1 National Museum of Natural History Sm... 1 Natural Chemistry Research Group Depa... 1 New Guinea Binatang Research Center P... 1
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PubMed
29143434
DOI
10.1111/ele.12875
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
Escalation (macroevolutionary increase) or divergence (disparity between relatives) in trait values are two frequent outcomes of the plant-herbivore arms race. We studied the defences and caterpillars associated with 21 sympatric New Guinean figs. Herbivore generalists were concentrated on hosts with low protease and oxidative activity. The distribution of specialists correlated with phylogeny, protease and trichomes. Additionally, highly specialised Asota moths used alkaloid rich plants. The evolution of proteases was conserved, alkaloid diversity has escalated across the studied species, oxidative activity has escalated within one clade, and trichomes have diverged across the phylogeny. Herbivore specificity correlated with their response to host defences: escalating traits largely affected generalists and divergent traits specialists; but the effect of escalating traits on extreme specialists was positive. In turn, the evolution of defences in Ficus can be driven towards both escalation and divergence in individual traits, in combination providing protection against a broad spectrum of herbivores.
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