Kidney and uropoetic system diseases represent a major social, economic and health burden. This is mainly because early diagnosis of kidney dysfunction is currently unavailable, since the current markers are often reliably increased only after advanced progression of the renal diseases. Recently, circulating nucleosomes, DNA and numerous forms of RNA have been detected in human biological fluids, such as plasma, urine, saliva, and breast milk. Although their biological functions remain mostly unknown, they are attractive as potential biomarkers of various diseases. In urine, many of the circulating nucleic acids originate from the cells of the kidney and the urinary tract making these non-invasive and easily obtained new biomarkers in the nephrology or urology. This review focuses on cell free nucleic acids in urine and its potential in human studies. Although, there are some technical and biological limitations, the urinary circulating nucleic acids hold a great potential as new biomarkers of renal diseases.

• Klíčová slova
• transrenální DNA, postrenální DNA,
• MeSH
• biologické markery * MeSH
• deoxyribonukleasa I MeSH
• extracelulární vezikuly MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mitochondriální DNA moč   MeSH
• nádory diagnóza   MeSH
• nemoci ledvin * diagnóza   MeSH
• volné cirkulující nukleové kyseliny * krev   moč   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Oxidative stress markers are usually measured in plasma, a stable environment for biomarkers. Blood collection is invasive, but the use of alternative biofluids is limited, due to high variability. In this study, we aimed to establish reference values for oxidative stress markers in plasma, urine and saliva of adult, healthy mice and to identify some sources of variability. Samples were obtained from 41 female and 37 male adult, healthy mice of the CD-1 strain, aged 95-480 days, weighing 21-55 grams. Reference ranges of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), AOPP (advanced oxidation protein products), fructosamine, GSH/GSSG (reduced and oxidized glutathione) ratio, TAC (total antioxidant capacity), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) were measured in plasma and urine, and TBARS, GSH/GSSG ratio, TAC and FRAP in saliva, using standard spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. Salivary GSH/GSSG and urinary AOPP were higher in females. Urinary fructosamine, GSH/GSSG and FRAP were higher in males. Urinary TAC and FRAP negatively correlated with age, and urinary GSH/GSSG positively correlated with weight. We determined that urine and saliva can be obtained non-invasively from mice, in sufficient amounts for reliable oxidative status assessment. Further studies are needed to uncover whether these biofluids reflect systemic oxidative status in diseases.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia metabolismus   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• fruktosamin krev   moč   MeSH
• glutathion krev   moč   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou metabolismus   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• oxidační stres fyziologie   MeSH
• sliny metabolismus   MeSH
• zdravotní stav * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH