Physical activity is known to convey protection against several cancers. However, results on the risk of lymphoma overall and its subtypes have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate occupational and recreational physical activity in relation to risk of lymphoma subtypes adjusting for established occupational risk factors. We applied standardized tools to assess energy expenditure at work and in recreational physical activities to the questionnaire information on lifetime work and exercise history in 1117 lymphoma cases, including Hodgkin lymphoma, and B-cell (including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma) and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) subtypes, and 1207 controls who took part in the multicentre European EpiLymph case-control study. We calculated the risk of lymphoma (all subtypes), B-cell NHL and its most represented subtypes, and Hodgkin's lymphoma (all subtypes) associated with weekly average Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET-hours/week) and cumulative MET-hours of lifetime recreational, occupational, and total physical activity, with unconditional logistic regression and polytomous regression analysis adjusting by age, centre, sex, education, body mass index, history of farm work and solvent use. We observed an inverse association of occupational, and total physical activity with risk of lymphoma (all subtypes), and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among women, and an upward trend in risk of Hodgkin's lymphoma with recreational and total physical activity among men, for which we cannot exclude chance or bias. Our results suggest no effect of overall physical activity on risk of lymphoma and its subtypes.
INTRODUCTION: Research on childhood cancer survivor offspring has been limited to genetic disease occurrence, malformations or non-hereditary cancers. However, previous surveys indicated that survivors harbor fears about their (prospective) children's overall health. Our Multicenter Offspring Study examined extensive health aspects in children born to survivors and their siblings providing comprehensive information to be used in patient counseling to elucidate and alleviate existing concerns. METHODS: Using a specifically designed questionnaire, childhood cancer survivors and their siblings were surveyed on their offspring's health (Supplementary material). Recruitment strategies depended on local infrastructures and standards of participating centers, including registry-based and direct approaches. Group differences were tested non-parametrically and effect sizes were calculated. RESULTS: In total, 1126 survivors reported on 1780 offspring and 271 siblings reported on 441 offspring. Response rates ranged from 32.1% (Czech Republic) to 85.0% (Austria). Respondents were more likely to be female (p = .007), older at time of survey (p < .001), diagnosed 1980-1999 (p < .001) and treated with chemotherapy (p < .001). Compared to siblings, survivors were younger at time of survey (35 years vs. 39 years, p < .001) and at first birth (29 years vs. 30 years, p < .001). Survivor and sibling offspring only differed in terms of age at survey (6.3 years vs. 8.9 years, p < .001). CONCLUSION: The Multicenter Offspring Study investigates a wide variety of health aspects in offspring born to survivors and their siblings in five European countries. Our study cohorts form a solid basis for future analyses; yet, certain limitations, due to differences in approach among participating centers, must be considered when interpreting findings.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * epidemiologie MeSH
- přežívající onkologičtí pacienti * MeSH
- přežívající MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- sourozenci MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Intermediate risk (IR) prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly heterogeneous entity and can be distinguished into favorable and unfavorable IR PCa according to biopsy, PSA and cT-stage characteristics. These differences may translate into differences in treatment type. METHODS: We tested for differences in PCa tumor characteristics and differences in active treatment rates (radical prostatectomy [RP], external beam radiotherapy [EBRT]) according to Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry (2010-2015) in favorable and unfavorable IR PCa. Data were stratified according to individual SEER registries. Further analyses additionally adjusted for PCa baseline characteristics (PSA, cT stage, biopsy Gleason group grading [GGG], percentage of positive biopsy cores). RESULTS: Tabulations according to SEER registries showed that, in favorable IR vs. unfavorable IR, the rates of RP and EBRT respectively ranged from 30.0 to 54.3% vs. 30.3-55.5 % and 8.3-44.7 % vs. 11.5-45.5 %. Differences in age and baseline PCa tumor characteristics also existed in both favorable and unfavorable IR across SEER registries. After adjustment for those baseline patient and PCa characteristics (PSA, cT stage, GGG, percentage of positive biopsy cores), RP and EBRT rates exhibited virtually no residual differences across individual SEER registries, in both favorable (36.0-41.0 % and 26.8-28.1 %) and unfavorable IR PCa (39.2-42.0% and 31.1-33.5 %). CONCLUSION: Important differences may be identified in treatment rates within the examined 18 SEER registries in favorable and in unfavorable IR PCa. However, the observed differences are virtually entirely explained by differences in baseline PCa characteristics.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prostaty * chirurgie terapie MeSH
- prostatektomie MeSH
- prostatický specifický antigen MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- stupeň nádoru MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
BACKGROUND: Evaluation of time trends is an integral part of a comprehensive analysis of cancer data. Our study aimed to assess trends in cancer incidence in the period 1977-2018 in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Cancer data were obtained from the Czech National Cancer Registry. Incidence trends were evaluated using the joinpoint regression. The overall trend for the entire analysed period and the current trend for the last 10 years were determined using the average annual percentage change. RESULTS: In the period 1977-2018, the age-standardised incidence (European standard) of malignant neoplasms excluding non-melanoma skin cancers increased from 518.2 to 681.9 cases per 100,000 population in men, and from 320.9 to 467.2 in women. The largest increase in trend in the analysed period was observed for melanoma, which showed an average annual increase of 4.0 % in men and 3.3 % in women. Over the last decade, a significant increase has been observed for head and neck cancer and oesophageal cancer, mainly in women. On the contrary, the largest decrease in trend in the analysed period was observed for stomach cancer, with an average decrease of 2.9 % in men and 2.8 % in women. Over the last 10 years, a highly significant decrease has also been observed for colorectal cancer: 3.2 % in men and 2.8 % in women. The largest difference in trend between the sexes was recorded in lung cancer: a steady decline of 1.3 % per year was observed for men, but an increase of 3.1 % per year was demonstrated for women. After the introduction of colorectal and cervical cancer screening programmes, a significant decrease of incidence rates for these diagnoses was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of the current cancer burden in the population and its time trends will help to prioritise targets and future resource allocation to cancer control.
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru * MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku * MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Numbers of patients who develop subsequent primary tumours have markedly increased recently. This study aimed to carry out a comprehensive analysis documenting the risk of incidence of subsequent haematological malignancies. METHODS: The Czech National Cancer Registry was the main data source, containing records of 126,822 haematological malignancies diagnosed in the period 1977-2016. Subsequent haematological malignancies were identified according to IACR rules. Joinpoint regression was employed to assess the time trends. The risk of development of subsequent haematological malignancy was evaluated by the standardised incidence ratio. The Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess the differences in survival. RESULTS: Age-standardised incidence of subsequent haematological malignancies increased from 0.5 in 1977 to 9.1 in 2016. In 1992, there was a significant change in the trend: a sharp increase by 7.7 % annually was revealed thereafter. The risk of development of a haematological malignancy was approximately 1.5 times higher in persons with history of any cancer than in the general Czech population. Patients with haematological malignancies - mainly myelodysplastic syndromes, polycythaemia vera and non-Hodgkin lymphoma - were shown to be at the highest risk of developing a subsequent haematological malignancy. While the median survival following a first haematological malignancy was 2.3 years, it was only 1.1 years for subsequent haematological malignancies (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified the highest-risk diagnoses in terms of development of subsequent haematological malignancy. The results might be useful to set up correctly follow-up procedures from which cancer patients could benefit.
- MeSH
- hematologické nádory epidemiologie terapie MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- sekundární malignity epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: The knowledge of cancer burden in the population, its time trends and the possibility of international comparison is an important starting point for cancer control programmes. Our study aimed to evaluate trends in childhood cancer epidemiology of patients aged 0-14 years in the period 1994-2016 in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Data on childhood cancers have been obtained from the Czech National Cancer Registry. These data were validated using the clinical database of childhood cancer patients and combined with data from death certificates. Incidence and mortality trends were assessed by the joinpoint regression method. The life tables method was used to calculate the overall age-standardised five-year survival. RESULTS: The incidence trend was stable; the age-standardised (world) cancer incidence - ASR (W) - was 173.7 per 1 million children in the period 1994-2016. However, there was apparent significant decrease in mortality: ASR (W) dropped from 58.1 per 1 million children in 1994 to 21.4 per 1 million children in 2016. The overall five-year survival increased over time by 10 %. Statistically significant improvements in survival were observed in patients with lymphoid leukaemia, astrocytomas, neuroblastomas, osteosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. CONCLUSION: Such a relevant increase in survival rates, and therefore also a decrease in mortality rates in the Czech Republic, is most likely due to improvements in diagnostic and treatment methods since the 1990s, which were facilitated by the concentration of childhood cancer patients in children's cancer centres.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nádory epidemiologie MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease has increased substantially in developed countries during the past decades. We aimed to analyze trends in incidence of esophageal cancer (EC) by histological subtypes and trends in acid suppressing drugs prescription in the Czech Republic. METHODS: The incidence of EC by histological subtypes, sex, and stage from 1984-2017 was examined using data from the Czech National Cancer Registry. Defined daily doses of acid inhibiting drugs were analyzed from annual reports by the State Institute for Drug Control. RESULTS: Age standardized incidence of EAC in men increased annually by 4.88 % with 95 % confidence interval (CI) (4.32, 5.45) from 1984 to 2017, and by 5.11 % (95 % CI, 4.02, 6.20) in women. Squamous cell carcinoma increased annually by 5.52 % (95 % CI, 2.49, 8.64) from 1984 to 1994 with subsequent slower increase by 0.87 % (95 % CI, 0.25, 1.50) from 1994 to 2017. It still represents 50 % of all EC in 2017. The comparable early stages of EAC showed similar annual percentage change of 5.77 %. From 2001 to 2018 the use of proton pump inhibitors increased dramatically from 6.8 to 72.9 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants. CONCLUSION: The incidence of EAC is still increasing in the Czech Republic, however it represents less than half of ECs. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma is relatively stable. Broad use of acid suppressing drugs did not seem to impact the incidence of EAC even in early stages.
- MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- inhibitory protonové pumpy farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory jícnu farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: The effect of inequalities aggravated by economic recessions in the mortality rates of certain diseases has been previously described. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between socio-economic deprivation and cancer mortality. We focused on lung, colon, prostate, and breast cancers in nine European urban areas over three periods: two before (2000-2003 and 2004-2008) and one after (2009-2014) the onset of the 2008 financial crisis. METHODS: This is an ecological study of trends. The units of analysis were small areas within nine European urban areas. We used a composite deprivation index as a socio-economic indicator. As a mortality indicator, we used the smoothed standardized mortality ratio, calculated using the hierarchical Bayesian model proposed by Besag, York and Mollié. To analyze the evolution of socio-economic inequalities, we fitted an ecological regression model that included the socio-economic indicator, the period of time, and the interaction between these terms. RESULTS: In men, socio-economic inequalities in all-cancer and lung cancer mortality were observed in most of the cities studied, but did not increase after the onset of the economic crisis. In women, only two cities (Stockholm and London) showed socio-economic inequalities in all-cancer and lung cancer mortality; there was also no increase in inequalities. CONCLUSIONS: Our results did not validate our hypothesis that inequalities increase in times of crisis. However, they emphasize the importance of socio-economic measurements for understanding mortality inequalities, and can be used to inform prevention strategies and help plan local health programs aimed at reducing health inequalities.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ekonomická recese MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mortalita trendy MeSH
- nádory ekonomika mortalita MeSH
- socioekonomické faktory * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to characterize subsequent neoplasm (SN) (malignant (SMN), benign (BSNs), and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC)) treated previously for a childhood solid malignant tumor at the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Motol University Hospital, Prague. METHOD: We evaluated a cohort of 4059 childhood cancer survivors treated between 1975 and 2018. RESULTS: From 4059 survivors, 170 (4.3 %) developed at least one SMN - 193 SMNs in 170 survivors, 21 of them (0.5 % of all survivors) had two or more SMNs and 34 of them (0.8 %) had one SMN and one or more BSNs. Mortality for an SMN was 38.2 % i.e. 1.6 % of all survivors. The most frequent SMNs were thyroid carcinoma (37, 19.2 %), tumors of the central nervous system (25, 13.0 %), soft tissue sarcoma (23, 11.9 %), breast carcinoma (19, 9.8 %), and leukemia (11, 5.7 %). Genetic syndromes were present in 25 patients with SMNs (14.7 %) and in 16 patients with only BSNs (13.4 %). SMNs usually developed in second decade or later after finishing of therapy. We observed some not well known risk factors of SNs e.g. spinal irradiation or131-I metaiodobenzylguanidine radiotherapy in 2 cases of secondary thyroid cancer, cyclophosphamide therapy in all 8 cases of secondary urinary bladder sarcoma or 4 from 7 SNMSC developed SMN. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed data from previous studies of SNs and observed some not so well known risk factors. Our results and the literature show that the incidence of SMNs is 3-10 % of survivors and is associated with high mortality.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nádory komplikace patologie terapie MeSH
- přežívající onkologičtí pacienti statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- sekundární malignity epidemiologie etiologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
