Common practice in a diagnostic parasitology laboratory involves distinguishing parasitic organisms from various artifacts. Artifacts mean pseudoparasites, supposed parasites and parasitic delusions. Pseudoparasites include undigested leftovers or coincidentally or purposely ingested nonparasitic organisms or their parts. Supposed parasites are wild organisms which were incorrectly identified as the components of faeces. In parasitic delusions, it is impossible to find any kind of parasites while patients describe imaginary parasites in detail. All the above categories of nonparasitic findings including case reports are described and discussed in the article.
- MeSH
- artefakty * MeSH
- bludy diagnóza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parazitární nemoci střev diagnóza MeSH
- parazitární nemoci diagnóza psychologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine crossnationally the prevalence of indicators of elder abuse and their relationship to putative risk factors, particularly depression, dementia, and lack of service provision. METHOD: Nearly 4,000 people aged 65+ receiving health or social community services in 11 European countries were interviewed using the minimum dataset homecare (MDS-HC) interview, which includes an abuse screen used previously in elder abuse studies and questions about demographic, physical, psychiatric, cognitive, and service factors. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-nine (4.6%) people assessed had at least one indicator of abuse. The proportion screening positive increased with severity of cognitive impairment, presence of depression, delusions, pressure ulcers, actively resisting care, less informal care, expressed conflict with family or friends, or living in Italy or Germany, but not with having a known psychiatric diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Severity of cognitive impairment, depression, and delusions predicted screening positive for abuse in older adults, but having a known psychiatric diagnosis did not, indicating that screening for psychiatric morbidity might be rational strategies to combat elder abuse. People in Italy and Germany were most likely to screen positive for indicators of abuse, and the authors suggest that this might relate to higher levels of dependency in the participants looked after at home in these countries as a result of cultural and service provision differences.
- MeSH
- bludy diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- dekubity epidemiologie MeSH
- demence diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- depresivní porucha unipolární diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plošný screening metody MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- služby v oblasti duševního zdraví komunity statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- srovnání kultur MeSH
- zneužívání seniorů diagnóza statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
- Francie epidemiologie MeSH
- Itálie epidemiologie MeSH
- Německo epidemiologie MeSH
- Nizozemsko epidemiologie MeSH
- Skandinávie a severské státy epidemiologie MeSH
- Spojené království epidemiologie MeSH
In order to comprehend the wide determinateness of mental disorders psychiatry increasingly turns to findings assembled in other sciences. The importance of ethnography for contemporary psychiatric practice is demonstrated by the author using it for diagnosis when encountering the phenomenon of faith into reversion of the dead. The author investigated the widespread faith associated with animistic forms of thought, known already in the remote past, in a group of 50 probands from a traditional gypsy ethnic group. Of those 13 (26%) did not believe in the possible return of the dead to the living; 9 (18%) were not certain and 28 (56%) believed in the return of the dead. Twenty-five (50%) experienced an encounter with a gnost. The investigation which served only orientation is used by the author as one of the arguments drawing attention to the importance of becoming familiar with subcultural faith, as the psychiatrist can use it for further psychopathological reflections.
- MeSH
- bludy diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- folklór MeSH
- kultura * MeSH
- kulturní charakteristiky * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magie psychologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- postoj ke smrti * MeSH
- Romové psychologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- MeSH
- bludy diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parazitární nemoci psychologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- syndrom MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
