BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus disease (CMV) (active infection with various clinical and laboratory symptoms) in patients after renal transplantation (Tx) is an important diagnostic and therapeutic problem. Early CMV antigen pp65 is a structural protein of the antigenic type. It was discovered as a marker of activation of CMV infection. We decided to test the value of the method of early CMV antigen detection in the diagnosis of CMV disease in patients after renal transplantation (Tx). METHODS AND RESULTS: During a 10-month period 53 patients after Tx of the kidney were examined for the presence of early CMV antigen. Thirty-nine patients were followed up systematically, examined for the first time before Tx and then after regular one-week intervals. All patients were subjected to serological examination before Tx for the presence of antibodies against CMV, class IgG; in 41 during subsequent examinations also IgM antibodies were assessed. A method for the assessment of early CMV antigen was elaborated by cultivation of biological material in a tissue culture using monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence. In the mentioned 53 patients a total of 363 examinations were made, mainly in blood and urine, 63 samples were positive Among the 39 patients followed up systematically early antigen was positive in 17 patients (44%). In three already before Tx. Positivity of the early antigen was first revealed on average 16 days (+/-4.2) after Tx and persisted on average for 13 days (+/-6.4). Positive early antigen was associated in the majority of patients with one or several clinical and laboratory symptoms, most frequently elevated body temperature. Comparison of early antigen and IgM anti-CMV were statistically evaluated by the chi sq. test, Fisher's test in contingency tables and by Student's non-parametric t-test. CONCLUSIONS: We assembled new experience with the method of detection of early CMV antigen in the diagnosis of activation of CMV infection. The correlation of the method with clinical and laboratory symptoms, incl. anti-CMV IGM antibodies, was statistically significant. By this method it is possible to detect CMV activation on average already on the 16th day after Tx which contributes in a significant way to the early diagnosis of the disease and facilitates the differential diagnosis of conditions during the early postoperative period.
- MeSH
- antigeny virové analýza MeSH
- cytomegalovirové infekce diagnóza MeSH
- Cytomegalovirus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- hostitel s imunodeficiencí MeSH
- hybridizace in situ MeSH
- kultivace virů MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oportunní infekce diagnóza MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- transplantace ledvin * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antigeny virové MeSH
Assessment of antibodies against the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 629 patients treated by haemodialysis in 47 dialyzation centres revealed the probability of HCV infection in 196 of them, i.e. in 31%. In a group of 91 patients newly admitted for dialysis, antibodies against HCV were found in 24, i.e. in 26%. The percentage of anti-HCV antibody carriers in different dialyzation units varied between 6 nad 60.
- MeSH
- dialýza ledvin * MeSH
- hepatitida C - protilátky analýza MeSH
- hepatitida C diagnóza MeSH
- imunoglobulin G analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- přenašečství diagnóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- hepatitida C - protilátky MeSH
- imunoglobulin G MeSH
Within the framework of prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission from infected kidney donors to non-infected recipients the author investigates as a matter of routine latent CMV infection by assessing the presence of serum IgG against pp150 CMV. Antibodies against this phosphoprotein of the viral matrix are found in more than 80% of haemodialyzed patients, i.e. potential recipients of kidneys (in our group 168 of 208 patients). During repeated examinations of 168 patients, positive as regards IgG against pp150 CMV, the author observed in 18 (11%) a temporary change to negativity. At the time of absence of serum IgG against pp150 CMV, however, in all patients except one serum IgG and/or IgG against some of the CMV antigen spectrum was found in the fibroblasts infected with cytomegalovirus. Specific IgM is an indicator of a change of the CMV infection from the latent to the active phase. The temporary loss of IgG against pp150 CMV may be an associated phenomenon.
- MeSH
- Cytomegalovirus imunologie MeSH
- dialýza ledvin * MeSH
- imunoglobulin G analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky virové analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- imunoglobulin G MeSH
- protilátky virové MeSH
Latent infection with the Epstein-Bar virus (EBV) is diagnosed as a matter of routine in haemodialyzed patients on the waiting list for renal transplantation by assessment of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1). Antibodies against EBNA-1 were detected in 163 of 208 patients (78.27%). Of these 158 entered the investigation already IgG positive against EBNA-1 and five converted later to positivity. Thirty-five of 50 patients who were IgG negative at the onset of the investigation, however, were IgG positive against the capsid antigen (VCA) EBV. Antibodies against EBNA-1 or against VCA were not detected during repeated examinations in the course of one an and a half years in 15 of 208 patients (7.21%).
- MeSH
- antigeny virové imunologie MeSH
- dialýza ledvin * MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- fluorescenční protilátková technika MeSH
- imunoglobulin G analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proteiny virové matrix imunologie MeSH
- protilátky virové analýza MeSH
- virové plášťové proteiny * MeSH
- virus Epsteinův-Barrové imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antigeny virové MeSH
- EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus MeSH Prohlížeč
- Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigen MeSH Prohlížeč
- imunoglobulin G MeSH
- proteiny virové matrix MeSH
- protilátky virové MeSH
- virové plášťové proteiny * MeSH
UNLABELLED: BASELINE: Cytomegaloviral infection is frequently encountered in patients with a reduced immunological reactivity, e.g. during chronic renal insufficiency; these patients have a markedly reduced cellular immunity and various lymphocytic anomalies. One of them is enhanced 3H-thymidine incorporation in non-stimulated lymphocyte cultures. The relationship between lymphocyte reactivity in vitro and activation of cytomegaloviral infection is the subject of the submitted paper. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 30 patients with chronic renal insufficiency the 3H-thymidine incorporation into lymphocytes and antibodies IgG and IgM against cytomegalovirus and the Epstein-Barr virus were investigated. In 15 patients the 3H-thymidine incorporation into lymphocytes in non-stimulated cultures was elevated, in 15 patients the incorporation was normal. All patients with an elevated 3H-thymidine incorporation the IgG serum levels against cytomegalovirus were markedly higher than in patients with normal incorporation. Serum IgM against cytomegalovirus was present only in patients with an elevated lymphocytic activity. Serum levels of antibodies against the Epstein-Barr virus (IgG) were identical in both groups. None of the patients had IgM against the Epstein-Barr virus. CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced 3H-thymidine incorporation into lymphocytes in uraemic patients reflects the defect of cellular immunity caused probably by elimination of some immunocompetent lymphocytes.
- MeSH
- aktivace lymfocytů * MeSH
- chronické selhání ledvin imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Cytomegalovirus imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky virové analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- protilátky virové MeSH
Lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of patients with irreversible renal failure and cultivated in non-stimulated cell cultures incorporated significantly more 3H-thymidine and released more beta-2-microglobulin than lymphocytes of the patients' healthy relatives (possible kidney donors) and than lymphocytes of non-related blood donors.
- MeSH
- aktivace lymfocytů MeSH
- chronické selhání ledvin imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- test smíšené lymfocytární kultury MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
The relationship between neuroendocrine regulation and the immune system has recently become the subject of intense investigations. The pituitary secretes both immunostimulatory (growth hormone and prolactin) and immunosuppressive (ACTH) hormones, and is thus involved in the control of immune functions. The present work was aimed at the study of the immunoregulatory properties of prolactin in selected in vitro and in vivo model situations. Prolactin was found to enhance recovery of the receptor for sheep red blood cells (in vitro). Compared with control cells, incubation with prolactin and/or prolactin containing sera significantly enhanced the capacity of trypsin treated lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers to form E-rosettes. Chlorpromazine stimulated prolactin release in males, and lactation stimulated prolactin release in females raised the number of large granular lymphocytes in peripheral circulation. Sera containing elevated prolactin levels stimulated the metabolic activity of peripheral neutrophilic leukocytes. These results suggest that prolactin may stimulate selective functions of cellular immunity, and that it is involved in interactions between the nervous, the hormonal and the immune systems.
- MeSH
- buněčná imunita účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- chlorpromazin farmakologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- laktace imunologie fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuroimunomodulace účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- prolaktin krev imunologie farmakologie MeSH
- receptory imunologické účinky léků MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- tvorba rozet MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- chlorpromazin MeSH
- prolaktin MeSH
- receptory imunologické MeSH
Significantly more beta 2-m is released in MLCs than in control cultures of cells from one donor or in cultures of pooled irradiated cells from several donors. Beta 2-m release increases with cultivation time and depends on the intensity of stimulation. It is highest in three-way MLCs and lowest in one-way MLCs when cells of haploidentical individuals are cocultivated.
- MeSH
- beta-2-mikroglobulin metabolismus MeSH
- leukocyty metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- test smíšené lymfocytární kultury * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- beta-2-mikroglobulin MeSH
Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) to cytomegalovirus (CMV) correlated in 88.9%. All but one differences were due to negativity in IFA and positivity in EIA. The agreement between determination of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to CMV by IFA and determination of total antibodies to CMV by EIA was 89.9%. All the differences were due to a mild positivity in IFA and negativity in EIA. The advantage of EIA is in its objective colorimetric evaluation of test results excluding a subjective underestimation or overestimation of the reaction. In addition, EIA gives the result of IgM detection already in 6 hours, while IFA as late as in 24 hours.
- MeSH
- Cytomegalovirus imunologie MeSH
- fluorescenční protilátková technika MeSH
- imunoenzymatické techniky MeSH
- imunoglobulin G analýza MeSH
- imunoglobulin M analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky virové analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- imunoglobulin G MeSH
- imunoglobulin M MeSH
- protilátky virové MeSH
The kinetics of mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was studied in an unrelated pair of potential kidney graft donor and recipient. The recipient immunological reactivity to donor cells was specifically modulated by donor blood transfusions. Prior to transfusions, recipient MLR to donor lymphocytes expressed as per cent of the relative response (% RR) was 85.73. It dropped to 43.75 on the 21st posttransfusion day, and was as low as 19.16 on the 151st day (5th month). Next, a gradual increase in MLR occurred. The % RR increased to 46.15 in the 9th month and returned close to the pretransfusion level, to 78.30, in the 12th month. Transplantation of the kidney from the potential donor was not performed.
- MeSH
- krevní transfuze * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- test smíšené lymfocytární kultury * MeSH
- transplantace ledvin imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
