Cereal grasses of the Triticeae tribe have been the major food source in temperate regions since the dawn of agriculture. Their large genomes are characterized by a high content of repetitive elements and large pericentromeric regions that are virtually devoid of meiotic recombination. Here we present a high-quality reference genome assembly for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We use chromosome conformation capture mapping to derive the linear order of sequences across the pericentromeric space and to investigate the spatial organization of chromatin in the nucleus at megabase resolution. The composition of genes and repetitive elements differs between distal and proximal regions. Gene family analyses reveal lineage-specific duplications of genes involved in the transport of nutrients to developing seeds and the mobilization of carbohydrates in grains. We demonstrate the importance of the barley reference sequence for breeding by inspecting the genomic partitioning of sequence variation in modern elite germplasm, highlighting regions vulnerable to genetic erosion.
- MeSH
- buněčné jádro genetika MeSH
- centromera genetika MeSH
- chromatin genetika metabolismus MeSH
- chromozomy rostlin genetika MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- genom rostlinný genetika MeSH
- genomika MeSH
- haplotypy genetika MeSH
- ječmen (rod) genetika MeSH
- mapování chromozomů MeSH
- meióza genetika MeSH
- repetitivní sekvence nukleových kyselin genetika MeSH
- semena rostlinná genetika MeSH
- umělé bakteriální chromozomy genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- Názvy látek
- chromatin MeSH
