To reveal the variation of gut microbiota and its association with immune function in cured patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease, gut microbiota of patients discharged from hospital for 20 ~ 23 months and healthy volunteers was analyzed by high throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. The diversity and abundance were compared, and the correlation with immunity factors was investigated, and changes in the content of 6 genera microorganisms with proportion higher than 0.1% were revealed in patients with COVID-19 disease: reduced content of Subdoligranulum, Haemophilus, Coprococcus, Eubacterium vertriosum group, and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group and increased content of Hungatella. NK cells were negatively correlated to Subdoligranulum, while CD8 cells were positively correlated to Subdoligranulum but negative to Hungatella. IL-8 concentration was negatively correlated to Subdoligranulum, Haemophilus, Coprococcus, Eubacterium vertriosum group, and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group but positively to Hungatella, while IL-1β concentration was negatively correlated to Haemophilus and Eubacterium ventriosum group but positively to Hungatella. The variation of probiotics and potential pathogenic bacteria implies a higher risk in diseases and inflammation, and the modulation of the gut microbiota may help the healing of COVID-19 patients.

• Klíčová slova
• 16S rRNA, COVID-19, Gut microbiota, Immune function, Variation,
• MeSH
• Bacteria klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• buňky NK imunologie   MeSH
• COVID-19 * imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   virologie   MeSH
• interleukin-1beta MeSH
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S * genetika   MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 * imunologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• interleukin-1beta MeSH
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S * MeSH

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) targets the central nervous system (CNS), leading to potentially severe neurological complications. The neurovascular unit plays a fundamental role in the CNS and in the neuroinvasion of TBEV. However, the role of human brain pericytes, a key component of the neurovascular unit, during TBEV infection has not yet been elucidated. In this study, TBEV infection of the primary human brain perivascular pericytes was investigated with highly virulent Hypr strain and mildly virulent Neudoerfl strain. We used Luminex assay to measure cytokines/chemokines and growth factors. Both viral strains showed comparable replication kinetics, peaking at 3 days post infection (dpi). Intracellular viral RNA copies peaked at 6 dpi for Hypr and 3 dpi for Neudoerfl cultures. According to immunofluorescence staining, only small proportion of pericytes were infected (3% for Hypr and 2% for Neudoerfl), and no cytopathic effect was observed in the infected cells. In cell culture supernatants, IL-6 production was detected at 3 dpi, together with slight increases in IL-15 and IL-4, but IP-10, RANTES and MCP-1 were the main chemokines released after TBEV infection. These chemokines play key roles in both immune defense and immunopathology during TBE. This study suggests that pericytes are an important source of these signaling molecules during TBEV infection in the brain.

• Klíčová slova
• CCL5, CXCL10, chemokine, flavivirus, human pericytes, infection, inflammation, tick-borne encephalitis virus,
• MeSH
• chemokin CCL5 * metabolismus   MeSH
• chemokin CXCL10 * metabolismus   MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• klíšťová encefalitida * virologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek * virologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• pericyty * virologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• replikace viru MeSH
• viry klíšťové encefalitidy * fyziologie   patogenita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• CCL5 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• chemokin CCL5 * MeSH
• chemokin CXCL10 * MeSH
• CXCL10 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• cytokiny MeSH

Skeletal muscle regeneration after injury is a complex process involving inflammatory signaling and myoblast activation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are key mediators, but their effects on gene expression in proliferating myoblasts are unclear. We performed the RNA sequencing of TNF-α treated C2C12 myoblasts to elucidate the signaling pathways and gene networks regulated by TNF-α during myoblast proliferation. The TNF-α (10 ng/mL) treatment of C2C12 cells led to 958 differentially expressed genes compared to the controls. Pathway analysis revealed significant regulation of TNF-α signaling, along with the chemokine and IL-17 pathways. Key upregulated genes included cytokines (e.g., IL-6), chemokines (e.g., CCL7), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). TNF-α increased myogenic factor 5 (Myf5) but decreased MyoD protein levels and stimulated the release of MMP-9, MMP-10, and MMP-13. TNF-α also upregulates versican and myostatin mRNA. Overall, our study demonstrates the TNF-α modulation of distinct gene expression patterns and signaling pathways that likely contribute to enhanced myoblast proliferation while suppressing premature differentiation after muscle injury. Elucidating the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle regeneration can aid in the development of regeneration-enhancing therapeutics.

• Klíčová slova
• cytokine, inflammation, muscle regeneration,
• MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• chemokiny metabolismus   genetika   MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   genetika   MeSH
• myoblasty * metabolismus   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• proliferace buněk * účinky léků   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese účinky léků   MeSH
• signální transdukce * MeSH
• TNF-alfa * metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemokiny MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• TNF-alfa * MeSH

The initial phase of multiple sclerosis (MS), often known as clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), is a critical period for identifying individuals at high risk of progressing to full-blown MS and initiating timely treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) as potential markers for CIS patients' conversion to MS. Our study encompassed patients with CIS, those with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), and control subjects, with sample analysis conducted on both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. Patients were categorized into four groups: CIS-CIS (no MS development within 2 years), CIS-RRMS (conversion to RRMS within 2 years), RRMS (already diagnosed), and a control group (CG) with noninflammatory central nervous system disorders. Results showed significantly elevated levels of CXCL13 in CSF across all patient groups compared with the CG (p < 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). Although CXCL13 concentrations were slightly higher in the CIS-RRMS group, statistical significance was not reached. Similarly, significantly higher levels of IL-8 were detected in CSF samples from all patient groups compared with the CG (p < 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). Receiver operating characteristic analysis in the CIS-RRMS group identified both CXCL13 (area under receiver operating characteristic curve = .959) and IL-8 (area under receiver operating characteristic curve = .939) in CSF as significant predictors of CIS to RRMS conversion. In conclusion, our study suggests a trend towards elevated CSF IL-8 and CSF CXCL13 levels in CIS patients progressing to RRMS. These findings emphasize the importance of identifying prognostic markers to guide appropriate treatment strategies for individuals in the early stages of MS.

• Klíčová slova
• CXCL13, IL‐8, biomarkers, clinically isolated syndrome, multiple sclerosis,
• MeSH
• biologické markery mozkomíšní mok   krev   MeSH
• chemokin CXCL13 * mozkomíšní mok   krev   MeSH
• demyelinizační nemoci mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interleukin-8 * mozkomíšní mok   krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• progrese nemoci * MeSH
• relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * mozkomíšní mok   krev   diagnóza   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza mozkomíšní mok   krev   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• chemokin CXCL13 * MeSH
• CXCL13 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• CXCL8 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• interleukin-8 * MeSH

The cellular distribution and changes in CX3CL1/fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 protein levels in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (TSC) of rats with unilateral infraorbital nerve ligation (IONL) were investigated on postoperation days 1, 3, 7, and 14 (POD1, POD3, POD7, and POD14, respectively) and compared with those of sham-operated and naïve controls. Behavioral tests revealed a significant increase in tactile hypersensitivity bilaterally in the vibrissal pads of both sham- and IONL-operated animals from POD1 to POD7, with a trend towards normalization in sham controls at POD14. Image analysis revealed increased CX3CL1 immunofluorescence (IF) intensities bilaterally in the TSC neurons of both sham- and IONL-operated rats at all survival periods. Reactive astrocytes in the ipsilateral TSC also displayed CX3CL1-IF from POD3 to POD14. At POD1 and POD3, microglial cells showed high levels of CX3CR1-IF, which decreased by POD7 and POD14. Conversely, CX3CR1 was increased in TSC neurons and reactive astrocytes at POD7 and POD14, which coincided with high levels of CX3CL1-IF and ADAM17-IF. This indicates that CX3CL1/CX3CR1 may be involved in reciprocal signaling between TSC neurons and reactive astrocytes. The level of CatS-IF in microglial cells suggests that soluble CX3CL1 may be involved in neuron-microglial cell signaling at POD3 and POD7, while ADAM17 allows this release at all studied time points. These results indicate an extended CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling axis and its role in the crosstalk between TSC neurons and glial cells during the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain.

• Klíčová slova
• chemokine receptors, chemokines, image analysis, immunohistochemistry, microglial cells, neurons, reactive astroglia,
• MeSH
• astrocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• chemokin CX3CL1 * metabolismus   MeSH
• CX3C chemokinový receptor 1 * metabolismus   genetika   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mikroglie metabolismus   MeSH
• neuralgie trigeminu metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• neuralgie metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• neurony metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
• signální transdukce * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemokin CX3CL1 * MeSH
• CX3C chemokinový receptor 1 * MeSH
• Cx3cl1 protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč
• CX3CR1 protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to: (1) evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on primary cultures of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and (2) to clinically monitor the effect of CBD in subjects with periodontitis. BACKGROUND: The use of phytocannabinoids is a new approach in the treatment of widely prevalent periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cannabinoid receptors were analyzed by western blot and interleukin production detected using enzyme immunoassay. Activation of the Nrf2 pathway was studied via monitoring the mRNA level of heme oxygenase-1. Antimicrobial effects were determined by standard microdilution and 16S rRNA screening. In the clinical part, a placebo-control double-blind randomized study was conducted (56 days) in three groups (n = 90) using dental gel without CBD (group A) and with 1% (w/w) CBD (group B) and corresponding toothpaste (group A - no CBD, group B - with CBD) for home use to maintain oral health. Group C used dental gel containing 1% chlorhexidine digluconate (active comparator) and toothpaste without CBD. RESULTS: Human gingival fibroblasts were confirmed to express the cannabinoid receptor CB2. Lipopolysaccharide-induced cells exhibited increased production of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8, with deceasing levels upon exposure to CBD. CBD also exhibited antimicrobial activities against Porphyromonas gingivalis, with an MIC of 1.5 μg/mL. Activation of the Nrf2 pathway was also demonstrated. In the clinical part, statistically significant improvement was found for the gingival, gingival bleeding, and modified gingival indices between placebo group A and CBD group B after 56 days. CONCLUSIONS: Cannabidiol reduced inflammation and the growth of selected periodontal pathogenic bacteria. The clinical trial demonstrated a statistically significant improvement after CBD application. No adverse effects of CBD were reported by patients or observed upon clinical examination during the study. The results are a promising basis for a more comprehensive investigation of the application of non-psychotropic cannabinoids in dentistry.

• Klíčová slova
• cannabidiol, inflammation, microbiota, oral hygiene, periodontium, phytocannabinoid,
• MeSH
• antiflogistika terapeutické užití   farmakologie   MeSH
• chlorhexidin terapeutické užití   farmakologie   analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
• faktor 2 související s NF-E2 MeSH
• fibroblasty * účinky léků   MeSH
• gingiva * účinky léků   MeSH
• gingivitida * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• hemoxygenasa-1 MeSH
• interleukin-6 analýza   MeSH
• interleukin-8 účinky léků   MeSH
• kanabidiol * farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• parodontitida farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antiflogistika MeSH
• chlorhexidin MeSH
• chlorhexidine gluconate MeSH Prohlížeč
• faktor 2 související s NF-E2 MeSH
• hemoxygenasa-1 MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• kanabidiol * MeSH
• NFE2L2 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč

We analyzed gene expression in THP-1 cells exposed to metal-based nanomaterials (NMs) [TiO2 (NM-100), ZnO (NM-110), SiO2 (NM-200), Ag (NM-300 K)]. A functional enrichment analysis of the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified the key modulated biological processes and pathways. DEGs were used to construct protein-protein interaction networks. NM-110 and NM-300 K induced changes in the expression of genes involved in oxidative and genotoxic stress, immune response, alterations of cell cycle, detoxification of metal ions and regulation of redox-sensitive pathways. Both NMs shared a number of highly connected protein nodes (hubs) including CXCL8, ATF3, HMOX1, and IL1B. NM-200 induced limited transcriptional changes, mostly related to the immune response; however, several hubs (CXCL8, ATF3) were identical with NM-110 and NM-300 K. No effects of NM-100 were observed. Overall, soluble nanomaterials NM-110 and NM-300 K exerted a wide variety of toxic effects, while insoluble NM-200 induced immunotoxicity; NM-100 caused no detectable changes on the gene expression level.

• Klíčová slova
• THP-1 cells, gene expression, metal-based nanoparticles, protein-protein interactions,
• MeSH
• hemoxygenasa-1 MeSH
• interleukin-8 metabolismus   genetika   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mapy interakcí proteinů * účinky léků   MeSH
• nanostruktury toxicita   MeSH
• oxid křemičitý toxicita   MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý toxicita   chemie   MeSH
• stříbro * toxicita   MeSH
• THP-1 buňky MeSH
• titan * toxicita   MeSH
• transkripční faktor ATF3 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• transkriptom účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ATF3 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• CXCL8 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• hemoxygenasa-1 MeSH
• HMOX1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• oxid křemičitý MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý MeSH
• stříbro * MeSH
• titan * MeSH
• titanium dioxide MeSH Prohlížeč
• transkripční faktor ATF3 MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the occurrence of intra-amniotic inflammatory changes associated with chronic inflammation in the placenta, marked by elevated levels of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) (≥2200 pg/mL) in the amniotic fluid of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). Specifically, the study investigated whether these intra-amniotic inflammatory changes were more common in women with microbial invasion of amniotic cavity (MIAC) and intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI), as indicated by increased amniotic fluid interleukin (IL)-6 concentration (≥3000 pg/mL). STUDY DESIGN: A cohort of 114 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM between 24+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation were included. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained via amniocentesis upon admission. MIAC diagnosis involved aerobic and anaerobic cultures, as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the amniotic fluid. Immunoassay tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine IL-6 and IP-10 concentrations, respectively. RESULTS: Among the participants, 19.3 % and 15.8 % had MIAC and IAI, respectively. The occurrence of intra-amniotic inflammatory changes associated with chronic inflammation in the placenta was similar between women with and without MIAC (25 % vs. 40.9 %, p = 0.136, adjusted p = 0.213). The rate of intra-amniotic inflammatory changes associated with chronic inflammation in the placenta was significantly higher in women with IAI compared to those without, after adjusting for gestational age at sampling (55.6 % vs. 22.9 %, p = 0.005, adjusted p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: This study revealed comparable rates of intra-amniotic inflammatory changes associated with chronic inflammation in the placenta in women with and without MIAC, but a higher prevalence of intra-amniotic inflammatory changes associated with chronic inflammation in the placenta in women with IAI. These findings suggest involvement of chronic inflammation even in women with PPROM with acute intra-amniotic inflammation.

• Klíčová slova
• IAI, IP-10, Interferon gamma-induced protein 10, Intra-amniotic inflammation, MIAC, Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity, PPROM,
• MeSH
• chemokin CXCL10 metabolismus   MeSH
• chorioamnionitida * diagnóza   MeSH
• gestační stáří MeSH
• interferon gama MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• placenta metabolismus   MeSH
• plodová voda metabolismus   MeSH
• předčasný odtok plodové vody * diagnóza   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zánět komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemokin CXCL10 MeSH
• interferon gama MeSH

BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute inflammatory protein detected in obese patients with metabolic syndrome. Moreover, increased CRP levels have been linked with atherosclerotic disease, congestive heart failure, and ischemic heart disease, suggesting that it is not only a biomarker but also plays an active role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Since endothelial dysfunction plays an essential role in various cardiovascular pathologies and is characterized by increased expression of cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory markers, we aimed to detect specific markers of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) expressing human CRP. This model is genetically predisposed to the development of the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Transgenic SHR male rats (SHR-CRP) and non-transgenic SHR (SHR) at the age of 8 months were used. Metabolic profile (including serum and tissue triglyceride (TAG), serum insulin concentrations, insulin-stimulated incorporation of glucose, and serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels) was measured. In addition, human serum CRP, MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), and adiponectin were evaluated by means of ELISA, histological analysis was used to study morphological changes in the aorta, and western blot analysis of aortic tissue was performed to detect expression of endothelial, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers. RESULTS: The presence of human CRP was associated with significantly decreased insulin-stimulated glycogenesis in skeletal muscle, increased muscle and hepatic accumulation of TAG and decreased plasmatic cGMP concentrations, reduced adiponectin levels, and increased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in the blood, suggesting pro-inflammatory and presence of multiple features of metabolic syndrome in SHR-CRP animals. Histological analysis of aortic sections did not reveal any visible morphological changes in animals from both SHR and SHR-CRP rats. Western blot analysis of the expression of proteins related to the proper function of endothelium demonstrated significant differences in the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS in the aorta, although endoglin (ENG) protein expression remained unaffected. In addition, the presence of human CRP in SHR in this study did not affect the expression of inflammatory markers, namely p-NFkB, P-selectin, and COX2 in the aorta. On the other hand, biomarkers related to oxidative stress, such as HO-1 and SOD3, were significantly changed, indicating the induction of oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that CRP alone cannot fully induce the expression of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers, suggesting other risk factors of cardiovascular disorders are necessary to be involved to induce endothelial dysfunction with CRP.

• Klíčová slova
• Aorta, C-reactive protein, Endothelial dysfunction, Oxidative stress, Spontaneously hypertensive rat,
• MeSH
• adiponektin MeSH
• aorta MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• chemokin CCL2 MeSH
• hypertenze * MeSH
• inzuliny * metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• potkani inbrední SHR MeSH
• zánět MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adiponektin MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein MeSH
• chemokin CCL2 MeSH
• CRP protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• inzuliny * MeSH

Blood vessel functionality is crucial for efficient tumor-targeted drug delivery. Heterogeneous distribution and perfusion of angiogenic blood vessels contribute to suboptimal accumulation of (nano-) therapeutics in tumors and metastases. To attenuate pathological angiogenesis, an L-RNA aptamer inhibiting the CC motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) was administered to mice bearing orthotopic 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer tumors. The effect of CCL2 inhibition on tumor blood vessel functionality and tumor-targeted drug delivery was evaluated via multimodal and multiscale optical imaging, employing fluorophore-labeled polymeric (10 nm) and liposomal (100 nm) nanocarriers. Anti-CCL2 treatment induced a dose-dependent anti-angiogenic effect, reflected by a decreased relative blood volume, increased blood vessel maturity and functionality, and reduced macrophage infiltration, accompanied by a shift in the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) towards a less M2-like and more M1-like phenotype. In line with this, CCL2 inhibitor treatment improved the delivery of polymers and liposomes to tumors, and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of free and liposomal doxorubicin. Together, these findings demonstrate that blocking the CCL2-CCR2 axis modulates TAM infiltration and polarization, resulting in vascular normalization and improved tumor-targeted drug delivery.

• Klíčová slova
• CCL2, Chemokine signaling, EPR, Imaging, Nanomedicine, Tumor targeting,
• MeSH
• chemokin CCL2 * farmakologie   MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• makrofágy MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádory * patologie   MeSH
• nanomedicína MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemokin CCL2 * MeSH
• ligandy MeSH