During hypoxia, tissues are subjected to an inadequate oxygen supply, disrupting the balance needed to maintain normal function. This deficiency can occur due to reduced oxygen delivery caused by impaired blood flow or a decline in the blood's ability to carry oxygen. In tumors, hypoxia and vascularization play crucial roles, shaping their microenvironments and influencing cancer progression, response to treatment and metastatic potential. This chapter provides guidance on the use of non-invasive imaging methods including Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging to study tumor oxygenation in pre-clinical settings. These imaging techniques offer valuable insights into tumor vascularity and oxygen levels, aiding in understanding tumor behavior and treatment effects. For example, PET imaging uses tracers such as [18F]-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) to visualize hypoxic areas within tumors, while MRI complements this with anatomical and functional images. Although directly assessing tumor hypoxia with MRI remains challenging, techniques like Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) provide valuable information. BOLD can track changes in oxygen levels during oxygen challenges, while DCE-MRI offers real-time access to perfusion and vessel permeability data. Integrating data from these imaging modalities can help assess oxygen supply, refine treatment strategies, enhance therapeutic effectiveness, and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
- Klíčová slova
- BOLD, DCE-MRI, FMISO, Hypoxia, Magnetic resonance imaging, Positron emission tomography, Preclinical, Tumor oxygenation, Vascularity,
- MeSH
- hypoxie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- kyslík metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody MeSH
- misonidazol analogy a deriváty MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorová hypoxie MeSH
- nádory diagnostické zobrazování krevní zásobení patologie MeSH
- patologická angiogeneze diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- pozitronová emisní tomografie * metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- fluoromisonidazole MeSH Prohlížeč
- kyslík MeSH
- misonidazol MeSH
BACKGROUND: Creatinine levels in different body fluids can serve as an important biomarker for kidney functioning relevant to prostate cancer and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Creatinine levels vary in concentration in different body fluids, such as blood, urine, and saliva. Unlike previously reported sensors, the developed creatinine sensor can be employed for all levels of creatinine in samples of real patients. RESULTS: In this study, an efficient voltammetric sensor for creatinine is developed by modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with poly (ethyleneimine) (PEI) capped silver nanoparticles at titanium dioxide (PEI-AgNPs)/TiO2, i.e., titanium dioxide (TiO2)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites (Ag@GO/TiO2-GCE). The Ag@GO/TiO2 nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Various voltammetric techniques namely cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), chronoamperometry (CA), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were employed. The Ag@GO/TiO2-GCE demonstrated good selectivity, stability, and a quick response time of 1.0 s for creatinine. An extended linear dynamic range (LDR) of creatinine from 0.01 pM (DPV) to 1.0 M (CV) based on different voltammetric techniques is imperative for detecting diverse creatinine levels in various body fluids. The LOD and LOQ of the developed creatinine detection method were found to be 1.15 pM and 3.5 pM, respectively. The electrochemical sensor exhibited an exceptionally high sensitivity of 15.74 μApM-1cm-2.The body fluids from healthy volunteers were spiked with a known amount of creatinine to evaluate sensor efficiency in the context of recovery. Finally, blood serum, saliva, and urine samples of kidney patients were analyzed for creatinine levels. SIGNIFICANCE: An important merit of the developed creatinine sensor is its ability for non-invasive point-of-care diagnosis in saliva with more than 90 % recovery. The comparison of the developed method with the standard Jaffes' colorimetric method endorsed its reliability and extended ability for the samples where Jaffes' method fails. The low LOD, high sensitivity, extended LDR, and low-cost render the possibility of adopting this method for point-of-care diagnosis.
- Klíčová slova
- Biomarker, Chronic kidney disease: non-invasive diagnostics, Nanocomposite, Point-of-care diagnosis, Voltammetry,
- MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky * metody MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- grafit chemie MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie MeSH
- kreatinin * analýza moč krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- nanokompozity chemie MeSH
- polyethylenimin chemie MeSH
- stříbro chemie MeSH
- tělesné tekutiny * chemie MeSH
- titan chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- grafit MeSH
- graphene oxide MeSH Prohlížeč
- kreatinin * MeSH
- polyethylenimin MeSH
- stříbro MeSH
- titan MeSH
- titanium dioxide MeSH Prohlížeč
BACKGROUND: Investigation remains incomplete regarding potential variations in the effect of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors, including apalutamide, based on baseline tumor burden in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). METHODS: The authors analyzed individual participant-level data from 1052 patients with mCSPC who were randomized in the TITAN trial (apalutamide vs. placebo, both with androgen-deprivation therapy). Outcomes included radiographic progression-free survival (PFS), second PFS (PFS2), and overall survival (OS). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, with and without restricted cubic splines, were used to determine the association between apalutamide benefit and bone metastasis count or visceral metastasis. Subgroup treatment effects were quantified based on inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS: Analysis using restricted cubic splines indicated that apalutamide provided less benefit for PFS2 and OS in patients with fewer bone metastases. The authors also found evidence of a heterogeneous effect of apalutamide on PFS2 and OS between patients with two or less bone metastases and those with three or more bone metastases. In patients who had two or less bone metastases, there was no evidence of a benefit from apalutamide for radiographic PFS (HR, 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35-1.22), PFS2 (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.66-2.12), or OS (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.60-1.83). No evidence of an association was noted between visceral metastasis and apalutamide benefit. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of apalutamide to androgen-deprivation therapy may provide less benefit in patients with mCSPC who have fewer bone metastases. Counting baseline bone metastases may help identify optimal candidates for apalutamide treatment of mCSPC. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT02489318 PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: In an analysis of individual participant data from a trial (the TITAN trial) in patients with metastatic (spreading) castration-sensitive prostate cancer, treatment intensification based on the addition new drugs to standard androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was analyzed and compared with the effects in patients who received only standard ADT. Compared with ADT alone, the survival benefit of adding the new drug apalutamide to standard ADT varied according to the number of bone metastases, but no association was observed between the spread of cancer to soft tissues and organs and a survival benefit from adding apalutamide. The results indicate that counting the number of bone metastases may help identify which patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer are optimal candidates for treatment intensification with the addition of apalutamide to standard ADT.
- Klíčová slova
- apalutamide, castration‐sensitive prostate cancer, heterogeneity in treatment effect, prostate cancer,
- MeSH
- antagonisté androgenních receptorů terapeutické užití MeSH
- antagonisté androgenů terapeutické užití MeSH
- doba přežití bez progrese choroby MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- nádory kostí sekundární farmakoterapie MeSH
- nádory prostaty rezistentní na kastraci farmakoterapie patologie mortalita MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- thiohydantoiny * terapeutické užití aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- tumor burden * účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antagonisté androgenních receptorů MeSH
- antagonisté androgenů MeSH
- apalutamide MeSH Prohlížeč
- thiohydantoiny * MeSH
Developing methodological approaches for discovering novel pathways is a key challenge in the life science research. Biological pathways are regulated-in higher eukaryotes-by a vast diversity of linear peptide motifs that mediate combinatorial specificity in signal transduction pathways. The E3 ubiquitin ligase component (MDM2) is such a protein that interacts with target proteins containing linear motifs such as p53. Drug leads, such as Nutlin-3, that bind to the MDM2 hydrophobic pocket mimic p53 and can release p53 from MDM2 control and this can lead to cell death. However, these drug leads act allosterically, having agonist effects on MDM2's functions and there are other proteins whose steady state levels can be altered by Nutlin-3. As cell density can alter the proliferation state of cell populations, we examined the impact of Nutlin-3 on levels of newly synthesized proteins using pulse-SILAC mass spectrometry. The data demonstrate that at differing cell densities or population-wide proliferation rates, different newly synthesized proteins dominate the proteome landscape in a Nutlin-3 dependent manner. These data further confirm that the cell state in a population of cells can in turn impact on the MDM2 signalling landscape. This methodology forms a blueprint for biomarker discovery using clinical samples that can detect changes in the synthesis rate of proteins in cell populations treated with specific agents. Broader implications highlight tools that can be used to study allosteric regulation of protein-drug combinations.
- Klíčová slova
- MDM2, P53, biomarker discovery, mass spectrometry, pulse‐SILAC,
- MeSH
- imidazoly * farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorový supresorový protein p53 metabolismus MeSH
- piperaziny * farmakologie MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- proteom * metabolismus MeSH
- proteomika metody MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny c-mdm2 metabolismus MeSH
- signální transdukce účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- imidazoly * MeSH
- MDM2 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- nádorový supresorový protein p53 MeSH
- nutlin 3 MeSH Prohlížeč
- piperaziny * MeSH
- proteom * MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny c-mdm2 MeSH
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Apalutamide (APA) is a treatment for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). In the ARON-3 study we investigated real-world experiences with APA treatment for mCSPC. METHODS: We retrospectively assessed real-world clinical outcomes for patients with mCSPC treated with APA in the ARON-3 study. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from APA initiation to death from any cause. PSA90 was defined as a prostate-specific antigen decline of ≥90% from baseline, and PSA0.2 as achievement of a PSA level ≤0.2 ng/ml. Data for adverse events were retrospectively collected from electronic and paper charts and categorized according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: We included 531 patients with mCSPC treated with APA. High-volume disease was reported for 214 patients (40%), and 56 (11%) had visceral metastases. Median OS was not reached. PSA90 was experienced by 461 patients (87%) and PSA0.2 by 368 (69%). Median OS was significantly longer for patients with PSA90 or PSA0.2 than for subjects without these responses (p < 0.001). The incidence of grade 3-4 fatigue was higher among elderly patients (≥80 yr) than among younger patients (19% vs 5%), but the incidence of other adverse events was comparable between the age groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: APA is an effective and tolerable treatment for mCSPC in the real-world setting. PATIENT SUMMARY: The ARON-3 project collects data for patients with prostate cancer treated in multiple centers worldwide to assess outcomes in the real-world setting. We analyzed data for patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer receiving apalutamide. Our results show that apalutamide is a safe and effective drug in the real-world setting as well as in clinical trials.
- Klíčová slova
- ARON-3 trial, Androgen receptor pathway inhibitor, Apalutamide, Castration-sensitive prostate cancer, Hormone sensitive, Prostate cancer,
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- nádory prostaty rezistentní na kastraci * farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- nádory prostaty farmakoterapie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- thiohydantoiny * terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- apalutamide MeSH Prohlížeč
- thiohydantoiny * MeSH
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the initial sign of treatment resistance is often prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression, followed by radiographic progression. However, the association between these two forms of progression remains unclear, especially in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) treated with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. We sought to evaluate the association between radiographic progression, PSA progression, and outcomes of apalutamide therapy in mCSPC. METHODS: We analyzed individual participant-level data for patients randomized within the TITAN trial who experienced radiographic progression during follow-up (N = 326). This study investigated radiographic progression without simultaneous or preceding PSA progression, as defined by the Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (discordant progression), and explored the association of such progression with radiographic progression-free survival. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: Among the patients who developed radiographic progression, 115 (35.3%) had been treated with apalutamide plus ADT (the apalutamide group) and 211 (64.7%) with placebo plus ADT (the placebo group). Discordant progression occurred in 52.2% of patients (60 of 115) in the apalutamide group and 27.5% (58 of 211) in the placebo group (p < 0.001). A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that discordant progression was associated with apalutamide treatment. We found evidence of an association between discordant progression and shorter radiographic progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study found that nearly half of the patients with mCSPC treated with apalutamide who experienced radiographic progression developed it without corresponding PSA progression, suggesting that heavy reliance on PSA monitoring may be inadequate for assessing disease activity in this context. PATIENT SUMMARY: In patients who have metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) and are being treated with apalutamide, radiographic images may show cancer progression even if prostate-specific antigen tests indicate no change. This highlights the importance of regular imaging when using apalutamide to manage mCSPC.
- Klíčová slova
- Apalutamide, Metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer, Prostate-specific antigen, Radiographic progression,
- MeSH
- antagonisté androgenních receptorů * terapeutické užití MeSH
- antagonisté androgenů terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- nádory prostaty rezistentní na kastraci * farmakoterapie diagnostické zobrazování patologie krev MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- prostatický specifický antigen * krev MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- thiohydantoiny * terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antagonisté androgenních receptorů * MeSH
- antagonisté androgenů MeSH
- apalutamide MeSH Prohlížeč
- prostatický specifický antigen * MeSH
- thiohydantoiny * MeSH
Androgen receptor-targeting agents, particularly enzalutamide, show promise in enhancing prostate cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies by modulating prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Methods: A retrospective clinical cohort study investigated 9 men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer on enzalutamide. PSMA PET/CT scans were obtained before and after enzalutamide initiation to assess PSMA expression changes. Lesions and organs at risk were evaluated visually and semiquantitatively. The flare phenomenon was characterized by a significant increase (≥20%) in the SUVmax of existing lesions or the appearance of new PSMA-positive lesions. Results: Exposure to enzalutamide led to a significant PSMA expression increase in 56% of assessed lesions (n = 42), with new lesions detected in 1 patient (11%). PSMA expression in organs at risk remained largely unaffected, indicating a tumor-specific response. Conclusion: Enzalutamide induces PSMA upregulation in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, potentially enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Further exploration of the flare phenomenon's clinical implications is warranted.
- Klíčová slova
- ARTA, androgen receptor–targeting agent, enzalutamide, flare phenomenon, prostate cancer, prostate-specific membrane antigen,
- MeSH
- antigeny povrchové * metabolismus MeSH
- benzamidy * MeSH
- fenylthiohydantoin * terapeutické užití analogy a deriváty MeSH
- glutamátkarboxypeptidasa II * metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prostaty rezistentní na kastraci * farmakoterapie diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- nitrily * terapeutické užití MeSH
- PET/CT * MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- upregulace * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antigeny povrchové * MeSH
- benzamidy * MeSH
- enzalutamide MeSH Prohlížeč
- fenylthiohydantoin * MeSH
- FOLH1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- glutamátkarboxypeptidasa II * MeSH
- nitrily * MeSH
The 2024 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines for chronic kidney disease (CKD) evaluation and management bring important updates, particularly for European laboratories. These guidelines emphasize the need for harmonization in CKD testing, promoting the use of regional equations. In Europe, the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) equation is particularly suited for European populations, particularly compared to the CKD-EPI 2021 race-free equation. A significant focus is placed on the combined use of creatinine and cystatin C to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcr-cys), improving diagnostic accuracy. In situations where eGFR may be inaccurate or clinically insufficient, the guidelines encourage the use of measured GFR (mGFR) through exogenous markers like iohexol. These guidelines emphasize the need to standardize creatinine and cystatin C measurements, ensure traceability to international reference materials, and adopt harmonized reporting practices. The recommendations also highlight the importance of incorporating risk prediction models, such as the Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE), into routine clinical practice to better tailor patient care. This article provides a European perspective on how these KDIGO updates should be implemented in clinical laboratories to enhance CKD diagnosis and management, ensuring consistency across the continent.
- Klíčová slova
- KDIGO, chronic kidney didese (CKD), creatinine, cystatin C, glomerular filatration rate (GFR), glomerular filtration rate,
- MeSH
- chronická renální insuficience * diagnóza terapie patofyziologie MeSH
- cystatin C krev MeSH
- hodnoty glomerulární filtrace MeSH
- klinické laboratoře * normy MeSH
- kreatinin krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cystatin C MeSH
- kreatinin MeSH
BACKGROUND: The effect of dexmedetomidine on regional splanchnic blood flow remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized, that there is no difference in regional rectal perianastomotic perfusion and oxygenation when using non-opioid dexmedetomidine-isoflurane anesthesia when compared to fentanyl-isoflurane anesthesia. METHODS: Ten female pigs were randomly divided into two groups (Dexmedetomidine, DEX, Fentanyl, FNT). Analgesia was provided by either dexmedetomidine (0.7-1.0 μg/kg/h) or fentanyl (6-10 μg/kg/h). The model of rectosigmoid resection in pigs was used. Two combined Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and oxymetry probes were fixed on the antimesenterial site of the rectosigmoid, one orally and the second distally to resection zone. At the end of the experiment all animals were woken up and extubated. The healing of the anastomosis was controlled seven days after the operation. RESULTS: All experimental animals were hemodynamically stable throughout the experiment. No anastomotic leakage was detected. All animals survived until the seventh postoperative day. In the DEX group the median of the LDF signal on aboral site at the end of experiment was 35% (23-49%), in FNT group the median of the LDF signal was 19% (12-28%), which was statistically significantly lower (p < 0,05). CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown some protective effects of dexmedetomidine-isoflurane based anesthesia on perianastomotic microcirculation when compared to fentanyl-isoflurane based anesthesia.
- Klíčová slova
- Dexmedetomidine, colorectal surgery, laser Doppler flowmetry, regional splanchnic perfusion,
- MeSH
- anastomóza chirurgická metody MeSH
- anestezie metody MeSH
- dexmedetomidin * farmakologie MeSH
- fentanyl * farmakologie MeSH
- kolorektální chirurgie metody MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- dexmedetomidin * MeSH
- fentanyl * MeSH
Cholesterol, the essential building block of cellular membranes, has proven to be a useful tool for increasing the biocompatibility and bioavailability of drug delivery systems in cancer treatment. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound with promising anticancer properties, faces significant limitations due to its low solubility and bioavailability, hindering its clinical utility. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to design cholesterol-functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges (Chol-NSs) with a tunable cholesterol content to optimize resveratrol encapsulation and delivery. Both formulations, free carbonyl diimidazole (CDI) NSs and functionalized Chol-NSs, demonstrated high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency. In vitro experiments revealed that cholesterol incorporation significantly improved the cellular uptake of nanocarriers and potentiated the cytotoxic effects of resveratrol on breast cancer cells. Importantly, both free CDI NSs and functionalized Chol-NSs, even at varying cholesterol percentages, demonstrated a safe profile against both fibroblast and breast cancer cell lines. These results indicate that cholesterol-functionalized nanosponges represent a promising platform for the effective and safe delivery of natural compounds in cancer therapy.
- Klíčová slova
- cholesterol, crosslinked polymer, drug delivery, functionalization, nanosponge,
- MeSH
- biologická dostupnost MeSH
- buňky 3T3 MeSH
- cholesterol * chemie MeSH
- cyklodextriny * chemie MeSH
- imidazoly chemie MeSH
- lékové transportní systémy * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- MFC-7 buňky MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádory prsu * farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- nanostruktury * chemie MeSH
- příprava léků metody MeSH
- protinádorové látky aplikace a dávkování farmakokinetika MeSH
- resveratrol * aplikace a dávkování farmakokinetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cholesterol * MeSH
- cyklodextriny * MeSH
- imidazoly MeSH
- N,N-carbonyldiimidazole MeSH Prohlížeč
- protinádorové látky MeSH
- resveratrol * MeSH