Recent examinations of marine perciform fishes from off the Florida coast in the Gulf of Mexico and Straits of Florida, USA, revealed the presence of the following six species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae): P. haemulontis sp. n. (males and females) from the ovary of Haemulon plumierii (Lacepède) (type host) and H. aurolineatum Cuvier (both Haemulidae); Philometra synagridis Moravec, Bakenhaster et Fajer-Ávila, 2014 (males and females) from the ovary and testes of Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus) (Lutjanidae); P. margolisi Moravec, Vidal-Martínez et Aguirre-Macedo, 1995 (male) from the ovary of Hyporthodus nigritus (Holbrook) (Serranidae) (new host record; probably a paradefinitive host); P. andersoni sp. n. (male) from the ovary of H. nigritus; Philometra sp. 1 (male) from the ovary of Rhomboplites aurorubens (Cuvier) (Lutjanidae); and Philometra sp. 2 (females) from the subcutaneous tissue of the anterior-most head sinuses of Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes) (Serranidae). Specimens of species are described and illustrated based on light and (except for Philometra sp. 1) scanning electron microscopical examinations. Philometra haemulontis sp. n. differs from all congeners in the unique structure of the gubernaculum, whereas P. andersoni sp. n. can be differentiated from other gonad-infecting congeners parasitising the Serranidae by a combination of morphological features. Females of P. synagridis are described for the first time. Gravid females of Philometra sp. 2 are similar to those of P. morii Moravec, Bakenhaster et Fajer-Ávila, 2010, a subcutaneous parasite of Epinephelus morio (Valenciennes) (Serranidae) in the Gulf of Mexico.
- Klíčová slova
- Dracunculoidea, Florida Keys, Gulf of Mexico, North America, Parasitic nematode, Perciformes, Special Management Zones (SMZ), Straits of Florida, Warsaw Hole, biodiversity,
- MeSH
- Dracunculoidea anatomie a histologie klasifikace fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- infekce hlísticemi řádu Spirurida epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- interakce hostitele a patogenu MeSH
- nemoci ryb epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- ovarium anatomie a histologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- Perciformes * MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- testis anatomie a histologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Florida epidemiologie MeSH
Two new species of Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1848 were collected from rajiform batoids along the coast of Argentina. They are Acanthobothrium carolinae sp. n. from Bathyraja magellanica (Philippi) and Acanthobothrium domingae sp. n. from Dipturus brevicaudatus (Marini). Both belong to category 1 and 2 because their total length is lower than 15 mm, they have fewer than 50 proglottids, fewer than 80 testes and a symmetric or asymmetric ovary. Acanthobothrium carolinae sp. n. differs from all congeners by the following combination of features: proglottid apolysis, hook morphology, microthrix pattern on the cephalic peduncle and distribution of the vitelline follicles. Acanthobothrium domingae sp. n. is unique in the combination of proglottid apolysis, total length, number of proglottids, hook and septal morphology, microthrix pattern on the cephalic peduncle, number and distribution of testes, cirrus sac length, distribution of the vitelline follicles and genital pore position. The discovery of these species increases the number of species of Acanthobothrium parasitising rajiform batoids off Argentina from one to three. All three species have a unique pattern of distribution of the gladiate spinitriches along the length of the cephalic peduncle, i.e., gladiate spinitriches being interrupted in a medial line both dorsally and ventrally.
- Klíčová slova
- Acanthobothrium carolinae sp. n., Acanthobothrium domingae sp. n., Bathyraja magellanica, Dipturus brevicaudatus.,
- MeSH
- Cestoda anatomie a histologie klasifikace fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- cestodózy epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- ovarium anatomie a histologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- rejnokovití * MeSH
- testis anatomie a histologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Argentina epidemiologie MeSH
Testis development and ultrastructure of spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa of burbot Lota lota, a commercially important cold freshwater fish, were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. Spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa are distributed along the seminiferous tubules. Electron-dense bodies appear in germ cells from primary spermatogonia to secondary spermatocytes. We identified three distinct stages of spermatid cell differentiation based on chromatin condensation, development of the flagellum, formation of a nuclear fossa, and elimination of excess cytoplasm. Spermatozoa were anacrosomal and characterized by location of the centrioles outside the nuclear fossa and incomplete perpendicular arrangement of the centrioles. The sperm flagellum displayed an axoneme with nine doublets of peripheral microtubules and two central microtubules. These results provide valuable information for burbot taxonomy and may clarify the process of spermatogenesis for this species.
- Klíčová slova
- Electron microscopy, Spermatogenesis, Spermatogenic cells, Testis ultrastructure,
- MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- ryby metabolismus MeSH
- Sertoliho buňky ultrastruktura MeSH
- spermatidy ultrastruktura MeSH
- spermatogeneze * MeSH
- spermatogonie ultrastruktura MeSH
- spermie ultrastruktura MeSH
- testis cytologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Calcium plays a variety of vital regulatory functions in many physiological and biochemical events in the cell. The aim of this study was to describe the ultrastructural distribution of calcium during different developmental stages of spermatogenesis in a model organism, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), using a combined oxalate-pyroantimonate technique. Samples were treated by potassium oxalate and potassium pyroantimonate during two fixation stages and examined using transmission electron microscopy to detect electron dense intracellular calcium. The subcellular distribution of intracellular calcium was characterized in spermatogonium, spermatocyte, spermatid, and spermatozoon stages. The area which is covered by intracellular calcium in different stages was quantified and compared using software. Isolated calcium deposits were mainly detectable in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the spermatogonium and spermatocyte. In the spermatid, calcium was partially localized in the cytoplasm as isolated deposits. However, most calcium was transformed from isolated deposits into an unbound pool (free calcium) within the nucleus of the spermatid and the spermatozoon. Interestingly, in the spermatozoon, calcium was mainly localized in a form of an unbound pool which was detectable as an electron-dense mass within the nucleus. Also, sporadic calcium deposits were scattered in the midpiece and flagellum. The proportional area which was covered by intracellular calcium increased significantly from early to late stages of spermatogenesis. The extent of the area which was covered by intracellular calcium in the spermatozoon was the highest compared to earlier stages. Calcium deposits were also observed in the somatic cells (Sertoli, myoid, Leydig) of zebrafish testis. The notable changes in the distribution of intracellular calcium of germ cells during different developmental stages of zebrafish spermatogenesis suggest its different homeostasis and physiological functions during the process of male gamete development.
- Klíčová slova
- electron microscopy, oxalate-pyroantimonate, quantification, testis, ultrastructural localization,
- MeSH
- buněčné jádro ultrastruktura MeSH
- dánio pruhované metabolismus MeSH
- spermatidy cytologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- spermatogeneze * MeSH
- subcelulární frakce metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- testis cytologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- vápník metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- vápník MeSH
Three new species of Aberrapex Jensen, 2001 (Cestoda: Lecanicephalidea) have been collected from species of Myliobatis Cuvier along the coast of Argentina. Aberrapex ludmilae sp. n. parasitises M. goodei Garman in the San Matías Gulf. This species is unique in a combination of features including the shape and extent of the uterus, scolex size, testis distribution, and by lacking an external seminal vesicle and postovarian vitelline follicles. Aberrapex sanmartini sp. n. from M. goodei in San Blas Bay and A. vitalemuttiorum sp. n. from M. ridens Ruocco, Lucifora, Díaz de Astarloa, Mabragaña et Delpiani in coastal waters off Buenos Aires Province, are distinguished from all other congeners by the microthrix pattern on the scolex surface, uterus shape and extension, position of the connection of the uterine duct to the uterus, presence and extension of an external seminal vesicle, and its overall size and number of proglottids. The specimens of M. goodei and M. ridens show locally distinct cestode faunas, which are correlated with well-defined biogeographic regions. Some of these areas correspond with mating and nursery zones for species of Myliobatis.
- Klíčová slova
- Aberrapex ludmilae, Aberrapex sanmartini, Aberrapex vitalemuttiorum, Myliobatis goodei, Myliobatis ridens, tapeworms,
- MeSH
- Cestoda klasifikace ultrastruktura MeSH
- cestodózy parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb parazitologie MeSH
- rejnokovití parazitologie MeSH
- testis ultrastruktura MeSH
- uterus ultrastruktura MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Argentina MeSH
Spermiogenesis and sperm ultrastructure of adult Cyathocephalus truncatus, a member of presumably basal group of "true" cestodes (Eucestoda), have been examined for the first time by using transmission electron microscopy. The process of sperm formation corresponds in basic pattern to that of the Pseudophyllidea. In addition, the 2 pairs of electron-dense attachment zones are present in median cytoplasmic process of C. truncatus. However, mature spermatozoa of C. truncatus differ significantly from those of the pseudophyllideans, especially in the morphology of the proximal and distal spermatozoon extremities. The proximal extremity of the mature spermatozoon lacks a crested body, which is present in more derived cestodes and some pseudophyllideans. The distal end of the mature spermatozoa exhibits different morphology in the gametes from testes and those from receptaculum seminis. New for the Eucestoda is a finding that a lateral cytoplasmic extension creates the distal end of the spermatozoa from testes, resembling sperm of some Monogenea and Digenea. In contrast, the distal extremity of the spermatozoa from receptaculum seminis contains only a nucleus. Despite the above-mentioned peculiarities, the ultrastructural data on sperm/spermiogenesis suggest close relationships of the Spathebothriidea and Pseudophyllidea.
- MeSH
- Cestoda fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- cestodózy parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb parazitologie MeSH
- Salmonidae parazitologie MeSH
- spermatogeneze fyziologie MeSH
- spermie ultrastruktura MeSH
- testis fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Itálie MeSH
- Rusko MeSH
Spermiogenesis of the monozoic cestode Khawia armeniaca (Cholodkovski, 1915), a parasite of Capoeta capoeta sevangi (De Filippi, 1865) (Pisces: Cyprinidae), has been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy for the first time. The present results show that the type of spermiogenesis in K. armeniaca shares the main features described previously in the pseudophyllideans and/or spathebothriideans: apical dense material in the zone of differentiation in the early stages of spermiogenesis, rotation of flagellum and flagellar bud, proximodistal fusion, and penetration of the nucleus into the spermatid body after the fusion of the free flagellum with the MCP has started. However, only one axoneme and a simple intercentriolar body represent presumably more evolved characters, typical for "higher" tapeworms. Ultrastructural data of spermiogenesis in K. armeniaca may support the hypothesis that the Caryophyllidea are secondarily derived from an ancestor closely allied with the Pseudophyllidea.
- MeSH
- Cestoda fyziologie MeSH
- spermatogeneze fyziologie MeSH
- spermie fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- testis fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The collapse of vimentin caused by some xenobiotics correlates with the loss of structural integrity of the seminiferous epithelium. In this study, we investigated the effect of busulphan (an anticancer drug with toxic effects on dividing germ cells) on vimentin filament distribution in rat seminiferous epithelium and compared it with changes found in testes of unilaterally cryptorchid rats. In the seminiferous epithelium, the vimentin labelling was observed only in the Sertoli cells, showing a stage-specific arrangement of the filaments. Both busulphan treatment and cryptorchism caused altered distribution of vimentin filaments in the Sertoli cells. In both models, the apical vimentin filaments collapsed towards the nuclei and were disorganized in the basal region of the Sertoli cells while the germ cells were diminished in the epithelium. After the busulphan effect subsided (4 weeks after administration), spermatogenesis began to restore and vimentin filaments began to organize in basal and perinuclear regions of Sertoli cells among the spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Vimentin labelling of the sloughed material in the lumen of cryptorchid testes (but not in busulphan treated animals) was observed. We conclude that the Sertoli cell vimentin filaments play an important role in the maintenance of spermatogenesis, their damage is associated with the seminiferous epithelium disintegration and their restoration with a recovery of spermatogenesis after the unfavourable conditions subside.
- MeSH
- busulfan farmakologie MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- intermediární filamenta chemie metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- semenný epitel metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- spermatogeneze účinky léků genetika fyziologie MeSH
- testis metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- velikost orgánu MeSH
- vimentin biosyntéza účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- busulfan MeSH
- vimentin MeSH
The reinvestigation of spermiogenesis in the proteocephalidean cestode Proteocephalus longicollis (Zeder, 1800) provides new details that were not described previously for this species. The 2 centrioles with roots are oriented at the first tangential to the long axis of the nucleus in a differentiation zone. They come to be arranged in the same plane only when a single intercentriolar body (ICB) appears between them. The ICB had been described previously as consisting of a number of dense elements (Swiderski, 1985) but, in the present study, appeared as a single, electron-dense plate. Also new for this species is the observation of 2 arching membranes that appear at the base of the differentiation zone only when the 2 flagella rotate toward the median cytoplasmic protrusion. Moreover, the formation of a crested body is described for the first time in P. longicollis. The present data support the suggestion that the process of spermiogenesis in proteocephalidean tapeworms corresponds in most features to that observed in some members of the unrelated tetraphyllidean clades, the Onchobothriidae and Phyllobothriidae. This may represent more evidence regarding the close relationship between tetraphyllidean and proteocephalidean cestodes, but existing information is fragmentary and controversial in some characters.
- MeSH
- centrioly fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- Cestoda fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- elektronová mikroskopie veterinární MeSH
- flagella fyziologie MeSH
- Oncorhynchus mykiss parazitologie MeSH
- spermatogeneze fyziologie MeSH
- testis fyziologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
1. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of preparing adult fowl testes for the production of exogenous germ-lines by eradication of recipient spermatogenesis using gamma-radiation. 2. A comparison between several radiation therapy treatments (based on 60Co isotope) of male testes was conducted using gamma-rays of 18, 22 and 26 Gy in a single dose or repeated doses of 5 x 8 Gy over a 15-d period. Sperm concentration and motility were determined after each treatment. 3. Altered spermatogenesis was observed after a single treatment dose of 18 Gy, while single doses of 26 Gy were followed by reduced sperm numbers (from 22 x 10(9) to 31 x 10(6) sperm/ml) within 60 to 100 d after treatment. After a single treatment of 26 Gy sperm motility was reduced by 50%. In contrast, a fractionated treatment (5 x 8 Gy) with gamma-rays halted spermatogenesis 39 d after the distribution of the first 8 Gy dose. 4. Observations of the seminiferous tubules by electron microscopy performed 12 months after this treatment confirmed that moderate doses of gamma-rays (8 Gy) distributed repeatedly (5 x) over a limited period (15 d) sterilise adult fowl testes but maintain morphologically normal somatic (Leydig and Sertoli) cell populations.
- MeSH
- buněčná membrána účinky záření ultrastruktura MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chiméra fyziologie MeSH
- fertilizace účinky záření MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- počet spermií MeSH
- radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH
- regresní analýza MeSH
- spermie fyziologie účinky záření MeSH
- testis fyziologie účinky záření ultrastruktura MeSH
- záření gama * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH
