Tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs) are an emerging route of long-range intercellular communication that mediate cell-to-cell exchange of cargo and organelles and contribute to maintaining cellular homeostasis by balancing diverse cellular stresses. Besides their role in intercellular communication, TNTs are implicated in several ways in health and disease. Transfer of pathogenic molecules or structures via TNTs can promote the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer malignancy, and the spread of viral infection. Additionally, TNTs contribute to acquiring resistance to cancer therapy, probably via their ability to rescue cells by ameliorating various pathological stresses, such as oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptotic stress. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells play a crucial role in the rejuvenation of targeted cells with mitochondrial heteroplasmy and oxidative stress by transferring healthy mitochondria through TNTs. Recent research has focussed on uncovering the key regulatory molecules involved in the biogenesis of TNTs. However further work will be required to provide detailed understanding of TNT regulation. In this review, we discuss possible associations with Rho GTPases linked to oxidative stress and apoptotic signals in biogenesis pathways of TNTs and summarize how intercellular trafficking of cargo and organelles, including mitochondria, via TNTs plays a crucial role in disease progression and also in rejuvenation/therapy.
- Klíčová slova
- Apoptosis, Cellular stress, Chemotherapy resistance, Intercellular transfer, Mesenchymal stem cells, Mitochondrial homeostasis, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Rejuvenation,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezibuněčná komunikace * MeSH
- mitochondrie metabolismus MeSH
- nádory metabolismus patologie MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci metabolismus patologie MeSH
- organely metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres * MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- rho proteiny vázající GTP fyziologie MeSH
- virové nemoci metabolismus patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
- rho proteiny vázající GTP MeSH
"The piscine respiratory system is represented by gills. Gill diseases are extremely common and may be caused by a large variety of etiologic agents. The gills are in direct contact with water and reflect its quality, for example, pollution, and they also must face the presence of biotic agents, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Evolution has established many defense mechanisms to combat these agents. Failure of these mechanisms is life-threatening for the fish, due to impaired respiration. Gills are relatively easily accessible for clinical examination and sampling, which facilitates intravital diagnosis."
- Klíčová slova
- Branchitis, Gill illness, Ichthyopathology, Parasites,
- MeSH
- bakteriální infekce mikrobiologie patologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb parazitologie MeSH
- parazitární nemoci u zvířat parazitologie patologie MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- virové nemoci patologie veterinární virologie MeSH
- žábry mikrobiologie parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Herein, we report, for the first time, the screening of several ligands in terms of their ability to bind and stabilize G-quadruplexes (G4) found in seven human Papillomavirus (HPV) genomes. Using a variety of biophysical assays, HPV G-quadruplexes were shown to possess a high degree of structural polymorphism upon ligand binding, which may have an impact on transcription, replication, and viral protein production. A sequence found in high-risk HPV16 genotype folds into multiple non-canonical DNA structures; it was converted into a major G4 conformation upon interaction with a well-characterized highly selective G4 ligand, PhenDC3, which may have an impact on the viral infection. Likewise, HPV57 and 58, which fold into multiple G4 structures, were found to form single stable complexes in the presence of two other G4 ligands, C8 and pyridostatin, respectively. In addition, one of the selected compounds, the acridine derivative C8, demonstrated a significant antiviral effect in HPV18-infected organotypic raft cultures. Altogether, these results indicate that targeting HPV G4s may be an alternative route for the development of novel antiviral therapies.
- Klíčová slova
- G-quadruplex, antiviral, human papillomavirus, ligands, organotypic rafts,
- MeSH
- aminochinoliny farmakologie MeSH
- cílená molekulární terapie MeSH
- DNA vazebné proteiny genetika MeSH
- G-kvadruplexy účinky léků MeSH
- genom virový účinky léků genetika MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- komplement C8 genetika farmakologie MeSH
- konformace nukleové kyseliny účinky léků MeSH
- kyseliny pikolinové farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidský papilomavirus 16 účinky léků genetika patogenita ultrastruktura MeSH
- lidský papilomavirus 18 účinky léků genetika ultrastruktura MeSH
- ligandy MeSH
- virové nemoci farmakoterapie genetika patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aminochinoliny MeSH
- DNA vazebné proteiny MeSH
- komplement C8 MeSH
- kyseliny pikolinové MeSH
- ligandy MeSH
- pyridostatin MeSH Prohlížeč
- MeSH
- elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- hmyz růst a vývoj virologie MeSH
- Iridovirus * MeSH
- larva virologie MeSH
- virové nemoci * patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Apoptosis, a recently defined phenomenon, was studied in electronograms from cases of experimental encephalitis. It was found to belong to the alteration and affect not only antigenproducing cells but inflammatory elements. Apoptosis occurred continuously during the disease save the beginning of undeveloped cases.
- MeSH
- encefalitida patologie MeSH
- encefalomyelitida autoimunitní experimentální patologie MeSH
- Haplorrhini MeSH
- křečci praví MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mozek ultrastruktura MeSH
- myši MeSH
- virové nemoci patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- křečci praví MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozek ultrastruktura MeSH
- neurokognitivní poruchy etiologie patologie MeSH
- virové nemoci komplikace patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
A description of the findings in a parvoviral epizooty, having occurred in a confined colony of 250 Beagle dogs in the autum and winter 1979-1980 and in 1981, is presented. 5 of the four month-old and older dogs perished in the course of an enteritic form of infection; 5 puppies, younger than 3 months, belonging to a group of 12 puppies derived from two infected litters, died in consequence of a parvoviral myocarditis. The simultaneous occurrence of myocarditis and enteritis was observed in a 9 day-old puppy. Among the seven remaining animals, two dogs were sacrificed at the ages of 18 and 23 months, respectively. Scars were found in the wall of the left ventricle of both of them. Parvoviral enteritis preceded the occurrence of parvoviral myocarditis. Characteristic intramuscular inclusions were demonstrated both in the enterocytes and in the myocardial cells. Electronmicroscopically particles of the size of the parvoviruses could be demonstrated in the nuclei of the myocardial cells, on one hand, and regressive changes of the nuclear components observed on the other hand.
- MeSH
- enteritida patologie veterinární MeSH
- myokarditida patologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci psů patologie MeSH
- Parvoviridae MeSH
- psi MeSH
- virové nemoci epidemiologie patologie veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- psi MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
The results of a post-mortem examination of 15 dogs suffering from acute viral infection probably of parvoviral etiology, are described. The characteristical finding was an acute catarhally hemorrhagic or even a hemorrhagically necrotic enteritis, eventually a colitis with isolated intranuclear inclusions in the epithelium of the crypts, there was also a marked depletion of lymphocytes in the lymphatic organs and some atrophy of the bone marrow.
- MeSH
- akutní nemoc MeSH
- enteritida patologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci psů patologie MeSH
- Parvoviridae MeSH
- psi MeSH
- střeva patologie MeSH
- virové nemoci patologie veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY *, VIRUS DISEASES/pathology *,
- MeSH
- elektroencefalografie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- virové nemoci patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
