Nejvíce citovaný článek - PubMed ID 17521318
INTRODUCTION: Crohn's disease (CD) is a disabling chronic enteropathy sustained by a harmful T-cell response toward antigens of the gut microbiota in genetically susceptible subjects. Growing evidence highlights the safety and possible efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a new therapeutic tool for this condition. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of bone marrow-derived MSCs on pathogenic T cells with a view to clinical application. METHODS: T-cell lines from both inflamed and non-inflamed colonic mucosal specimens of CD patients and from healthy mucosa of control subjects were grown with the antigen muramyl-dipeptide in the absence or presence of donors' MSCs. The MSC effects were evaluated in terms of T-cell viability, apoptotic rate, proliferative response, immunophenotype, and cytokine profile. The role of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) was established by adding a specific inhibitor, the 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan, and by using MSCs transfected with the small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting IDO. The relevance of cell-cell contact was evaluated by applying transwell membranes. RESULTS: A significant reduction in both cell viability and proliferative response to muramyl-dipeptide, with simultaneous increase in the apoptotic rate, was found in T cells from both inflamed and non-inflamed CD mucosa when co-cultured with MSCs and was reverted by inhibiting IDO activity and expression. A reduction of the activated CD4(+)CD25(+) subset and increase of the CD3(+)CD69(+) population were also observed when T-cell lines from CD mucosa were co-cultured with MSCs. In parallel, an inhibitory effect was evident on the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin-17A and -21, whereas that of the transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-6 were increased, and production of the tolerogenic molecule soluble HLA-G was high. These latter effects were almost completely eliminated by blocking the IDO, whose activity was upregulated in MSCs co-cultured with CD T cells. The use of a semipermeable membrane partially inhibited the MSC immunosuppressive effects. Finally, hardly any effects of MSCs were observed when T cells obtained from control subjects were used. CONCLUSION: MSCs exert potent immunomodulant effects on antigen-specific T cells in CD through a complex paracrine and cell-cell contact-mediated action, which may be exploited for widespread therapeutic use.
- MeSH
- acetylmuramyl-alanyl-isoglutamin farmakologie MeSH
- antigeny povrchové metabolismus MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- buňky kostní dřeně cytologie MeSH
- časosběrné zobrazování MeSH
- Crohnova nemoc patologie MeSH
- cytokiny metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- HLA-G antigeny metabolismus MeSH
- imunofenotypizace MeSH
- indolamin-2,3,-dioxygenasa antagonisté a inhibitory genetika metabolismus MeSH
- kokultivační techniky MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malá interferující RNA metabolismus MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- RNA interference MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- střevní sliznice cytologie MeSH
- T-lymfocyty cytologie účinky léků imunologie MeSH
- tryptofan analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- viabilita buněk MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- 1-methyltryptophan MeSH Prohlížeč
- acetylmuramyl-alanyl-isoglutamin MeSH
- antigeny povrchové MeSH
- cytokiny MeSH
- HLA-G antigeny MeSH
- indolamin-2,3,-dioxygenasa MeSH
- malá interferující RNA MeSH
- tryptofan MeSH
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of systemically administered bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on the early acute phase of inflammation in the alkali-burned eye. Mice with damaged eyes were either untreated or treated 24 h after the injury with an intravenous administration of fluorescent-dye-labeled MSCs that were unstimulated or pretreated with interleukin-1α (IL-1α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), or interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Analysis of cell suspensions prepared from the eyes of treated mice on day 3 after the alkali burn revealed that MSCs specifically migrated to the damaged eye and that the number of labeled MSCs was more than 30-times higher in damaged eyes compared with control eyes. The study of the composition of the leukocyte populations within the damaged eyes showed that all types of tested MSCs slightly decreased the number of infiltrating lymphoid and myeloid cells, but only MSCs pretreated with IFN-γ significantly decreased the percentage of eye-infiltrating cells with a more profound effect on myeloid cells. Determining cytokine and NO production in the damaged eyes confirmed that the most effective immunomodulation was achieved with MSCs pretreated with IFN-γ, which significantly decreased the levels of the proinflammatory molecules IL-1α, IL-6, and NO. Taken together, the results show that systemically administered MSCs specifically migrate to the damaged eye and that IFN-γ-pretreated MSCs are superior in inhibiting the acute phase of inflammation, decreasing leukocyte infiltration, and attenuating the early inflammatory environment.
- MeSH
- alkálie toxicita MeSH
- alografty MeSH
- antivirové látky farmakologie MeSH
- chemické popálení patologie terapie MeSH
- interferon gama farmakologie MeSH
- interleukin-1alfa metabolismus MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nika kmenových buněk * MeSH
- popálení oka chemicky indukované metabolismus patologie terapie MeSH
- transformující růstový faktor beta metabolismus MeSH
- transplantace mezenchymálních kmenových buněk * MeSH
- zánět chemicky indukované metabolismus terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- alkálie MeSH
- antivirové látky MeSH
- interferon gama MeSH
- interleukin-1alfa MeSH
- transformující růstový faktor beta MeSH