Data from 1155 Czech women (493 using oral contraception, 662 non-users), obtained from the Czech National Survey of Sexual Behavior, were used to investigate evolutionary-based hypotheses concerning the predictive value of current oral contraceptive (OC) use on extra-pair and dyadic (in-pair) sexual behavior of coupled women. Specifically, the aim was to determine whether current OC use was associated with lower extra-pair and higher in-pair sexual interest and behavior, because OC use suppresses cyclical shifts in mating psychology that occur in normally cycling women. Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression and negative binomial models were used to test associations between OC use and these sexual measures, controlling for other relevant predictors (e.g., age, parity, in-pair sexual satisfaction, relationship length). The overall incidence of having had an extra-pair partner or one-night stand in the previous year was not related to current OC use (the majority of the sample had not). However, among the women who had engaged in extra-pair sexual behavior, OC users had fewer one-night stands than non-users, and tended to have fewer partners, than non-users. OC users also had more frequent dyadic intercourse than non-users, potentially indicating higher commitment to their current relationship. These results suggest that suppression of fertility through OC use may alter important aspects of female sexual behavior, with potential implications for relationship functioning and stability.

• MeSH
• Analysis of Variance MeSH
• Biological Evolution MeSH
• Family Characteristics MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal pharmacology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Libido drug effects   physiology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Logistic Models MeSH
• Marriage psychology   MeSH
• Menstrual Cycle drug effects   physiology   MeSH
• Extramarital Relations MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Parity MeSH
• Sexual Behavior drug effects   psychology   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Sexual Partners MeSH
• Statistical Distributions MeSH
• Age Distribution MeSH
• Health Surveys statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czechoslovakia epidemiology   MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal MeSH