Background/Objectives: Elevated body temperature is a well-established biomarker of infection, increased disease risk, and adverse health outcomes. However, the relationship between resting body temperature and long-term survival in older individuals is complex. Emerging evidence suggests that higher basal body temperature is associated with reduced survival and accelerated aging in non-obese older adults. This study aimed to compare body temperatures across different age groups in hospitalized older adults. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from 367 physically healthy residents of a mental health center. Longitudinal data from 142 individuals (68 men and 74 women), aged 45 to 70 years and monitored continuously over 25 years, were compared with cross-sectional data from 225 individuals (113 men and 112 women) who underwent periodic clinical examinations with temperature measurements. The cross-sectional sample was stratified into four survival categories. Resting oral temperatures were measured under clinical conditions to ensure protocol consistency. Age-related changes in both sexes were evaluated using standard regression analysis, Student's t-tests, ANOVA, and Generalized Linear Models. Results: Longitudinal analysis revealed an increase in body temperature with age among women, while cross-sectional analysis showed that long-lived residents generally had lower body temperatures compared to their shorter-lived counterparts. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that lower lifetime steady-state body temperature is associated with greater longevity in physically healthy older adults. However, further research is needed to determine whether the lower body temperature observed in long-lived individuals is linked to specific health advantages, such as enhanced immune function, absence of detrimental factors or diseases, or a reduced metabolic rate potentially influenced by caloric restriction.

• Klíčová slova
• biomarkers, body temperature, health outcomes, longevity, survival, thermoregulation,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: The regional disparity of heatwave-related mortality over a long period has not been sufficiently assessed across the globe, impeding the localisation of adaptation planning and risk management towards climate change. We quantified the global mortality burden associated with heatwaves at a spatial resolution of 0.5°×0.5° and the temporal change from 1990 to 2019. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We collected data on daily deaths and temperature from 750 locations of 43 countries or regions, and 5 meta-predictors in 0.5°×0.5° resolution across the world. Heatwaves were defined as location-specific daily mean temperature ≥95th percentiles of year-round temperature range with duration ≥2 days. We first estimated the location-specific heatwave-mortality association. Secondly, a multivariate meta-regression was fitted between location-specific associations and 5 meta-predictors, which was in the third stage used with grid cell-specific meta-predictors to predict grid cell-specific association. Heatwave-related excess deaths were calculated for each grid and aggregated. During 1990 to 2019, 0.94% (95% CI: 0.68-1.19) of deaths [i.e., 153,078 cases (95% eCI: 109,950-194,227)] per warm season were estimated to be from heatwaves, accounting for 236 (95% eCI: 170-300) deaths per 10 million residents. The ratio between heatwave-related excess deaths and all premature deaths per warm season remained relatively unchanged over the 30 years, while the number of heatwave-related excess deaths per 10 million residents per warm season declined by 7.2% per decade in comparison to the 30-year average. Locations with the highest heatwave-related death ratio and rate were in Southern and Eastern Europe or areas had polar and alpine climates, and/or their residents had high incomes. The temporal change of heatwave-related mortality burden showed geographic disparities, such that locations with tropical climate or low incomes were observed with the greatest decline. The main limitation of this study was the lack of data from certain regions, e.g., Arabian Peninsula and South Asia. CONCLUSIONS: Heatwaves were associated with substantial mortality burden that varied spatiotemporally over the globe in the past 30 years. The findings indicate the potential benefit of governmental actions to enhance health sector adaptation and resilience, accounting for inequalities across communities.

• MeSH
• celosvětové zdraví trendy   MeSH
• extrémní horko * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• klimatické změny * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mortalita trendy   MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• vysoká teplota škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The study examines effects of hot spells on cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality in the population of the Czech Republic, with emphasis on differences between ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CD) and between morbidity and mortality. Daily data on CVD morbidity (hospital admissions) and mortality over 1994-2009 were obtained from national hospitalization and mortality registers and standardized to account for long-term changes as well as seasonal and weekly cycles. Hot spells were defined as periods of at least two consecutive days with average daily air temperature anomalies above the 95% quantile during June to August. Relative deviations of mortality and morbidity from the baseline were evaluated. Hot spells were associated with excess mortality for all examined cardiovascular causes (CVD, IHD and CD). The increases were more pronounced for CD than IHD mortality in most population groups, mainly in males. In the younger population (0-64 years), however, significant excess mortality was observed for IHD while there was no excess mortality for CD. A short-term displacement effect was found to be much larger for mortality due to CD than IHD. Excess CVD mortality was not accompanied by increases in hospital admissions and below-expected-levels of morbidity prevailed during hot spells, particularly for IHD in the elderly. This suggests that out-of-hospital deaths represent a major part of excess CVD mortality during heat and that for in-hospital excess deaths CVD is a masked comorbid condition rather than the primary diagnosis responsible for hospitalization.

• Klíčová slova
• Cardiovascular disease, Central Europe, Cerebrovascular disease, Hot spells, Ischaemic heart disease, Morbidity, Mortality,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci epidemiologie   mortalita   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• morbidita MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vysoká teplota škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH