Polyethylene (PE) foils were modified by irradiation with Ar+ and Xe+ ions to different fluences and different physico-chemical properties of the irradiated PE were studied in relation to adhesion and proliferation of keratinocytes on the modified surface. Changes in the PE surface roughness were examined using the AFM technique, the production of conjugated double bonds and oxidized structures by UV-VIS and FTIR techniques respectively. The surface polarity was determined by measuring surface contact angle and two-point technique was used for the determination of PE sheet resistance. Adhesion and proliferation of keratinocytes was characterized using the MTT-test. The ion irradiation leads to creation of conjugated double bonds which, together with progressive carbonization, contribute to the observed decrease of sheet resistance. Oxidation of the irradiated PE surface layer during the ion implantation is observed. Besides oxidation, the PE surface polarity is affected by other factors. The observed increase of the PE surface roughness due to the ion irradiation is inversely proportional to the ion size. The adhesion and proliferation of keratinocytes on the ion irradiated PE is significantly higher than on the pristine PE. Distribution of results in keratinocyte cultivation and the number of cells is related to the ion fluence applied and to ion species as well.

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The keratinocytes are able to migrate from the poly (2- hydroxyethylmethacrylate) disc if it is transferred to the new Petri-dish colonized with irradiated 3T3 mouse fibroblasts, and form a ring-shaped colony around the disc. The phenotypic characterization of human keratinocytes migrated from these discs was studied using a group of monoclonal antibodies. The keratinocytes in the external periphery of the colony of cells which migrated from the disc express the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), alpha2, alpha3 chains and alpha5beta1 integrin receptor. A protein of the desmosome complex, desmoplakin-1, was also expressed. Involucrin and cytokeratin-10 were expressed after prolonged cultivation. These results suggest that the migrated keratinocytes are able to proliferate, recognize extracellular matrix molecules important in the process of the re-epitelization of the wound, and terminally differentiate in vitro. They are encouraging for further experiments with respect to the development of a support for keratinocyte cultivation and for grafting in clinical practice.

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