Avian Dicrocoeliidae are difficult to identify, even in their adult stages. Molecular analyses have been conducted for only a few species, complicating the accurate identification of juvenile stages. The taxonomy of the family is unresolved, and the status of many dicrocoeliid species is uncertain. Sequences of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA loci of Central European avian Dicrocoeliidae were generated and analyzed. These included representatives of the genera Lyperosomum, Platynosomum, Stromitrema, Brachylecithum, Brachydistomum, and Lutztrema. All the sequences were obtained from morphologically identified adult specimens of dicrocoeliids isolated from avian hosts. Molecular support was obtained to validate Lyperosomum turdia, confirm the rejection of Lyperosomum dujardini and Lyperosomum alagesi, and resurrect Lyperosomum longicauda and Lyperosomum collurionis. The identity of European Platynosomum illiciens from avian hosts with American vouchers of the same species from avian and mammalian hosts was confirmed. Brachylecithum fringillae is not considered valid; the individuals that matched its diagnosis were subadult Brachydistomum ventricosum. Descriptions and comparative data for five new species are provided. These are Lyperosomum hirundinis sp. n., Lyperosomum tenori sp. n., Lyperosomum atricapillae sp. n., Stromitrema acrocephali sp. n., and Lutztrema atricapillae sp. n.. Based on the molecular data, suggestions are provided regarding the validity of dicrocoeliid species that parasitize Central European birds. Further research should address the polyphyletic status of Brachylecithum.

• Klíčová slova
• Bile duct, Bird, Cryptic species, Dicrocoeliidae, Gall bladder, Platyhelminthes,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In 2014-2015 and 2019-2021, teleost fishes off Galindez Island (Antarctic Peninsula) were examined for trematodes. Combined morphological and molecular analyses revealed the presence of eight trematode species of four families (Hemiuridae, Lecithasteridae, Opecoelidae, Lepidapedidae) from five fish species. Only adult trematodes were found and all of them are Antarctic endemics with their congeners occurring on other continents. The hemiuroids, Elytrophalloides oatesi (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914), Genolinea bowersi (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914), and Lecithaster macrocotyle Szidat & Graefe, 1967 belong to the most common Antarctic species and together with Lepidapedon garrardi (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914) and Neolebouria georgiensis Gibson, 1976 they were recorded as the least host-specific parasites. The originally sub-Antarctic Neolepidapedon macquariensis Zdzitowiecki, 1993 is a new record for the Antarctic Peninsula and Parachaenichthys charcoti (Vaillant), is a new host record. Neolebouria terranovaensis Zdzitowiecki, Pisano & Vacchi, 1993 is considered a synonym of N. georgiensis because of identical morphology and dimensions. The currently known phylogenetic relationships within the studied families are supported, including the polyphyly of Macvicaria Gibson & Bray, 1982 with the future need to accommodate its Antarctic species in a new genus. The validity of M. georgiana (Kovaleva & Gaevskaja, 1974) and M. magellanica Laskowski, Jezewski & Zdzitowiecki, 2013 needs to be confirmed by further analyses. Genetic sequence data are still scarce from Antarctica, and more studies applying integrative taxonomic approaches and large-scale parasitological examinations of benthic invertebrates are needed to match sequences of larval stages to those of well-characterised adults and to elucidate trematode life-cycles.

• MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• ostrovy MeSH
• ryby parazitologie   MeSH
• Trematoda * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Antarktida MeSH
• ostrovy MeSH

Lyperosomum Looss, 1899 is one of the largest genera of the Dicrocoeliidae and is one of the best examples of the systematic complexity and taxonomic instability within this family. We present the molecular analyses based on novel sequences of nuclear and mitochondrial genes obtained from 56 isolates of adult flukes and larval stages of dicrocoeliids belonging to Lyperosomum, Skrjabinus, Zonorchis as well as previously available sequence data. According to obtained results we propose to return Zonorchis clathratus and Z. petiolatus into Lyperosomum, and to recognize L. alagesi as a synonym of L. petiolatum. Our study shows that L. petiolatum commonly occurs in Europe in corvids as well as in several species of migratory songbirds, e.g. Sylvia atricapilla. At the same time, the Turdidae appear to host a distinct species of Lyperosomum. The phylogenetic analysis has clearly demonstrated the paraphylepic nature of Lyperosomum and indicated the need of its thorough revision preferably using specimens from type hosts and type territories of nominal species. In addition, inclusion of numerous not yet sequenced dicrocoeliid genera into future phylogenetic studies is necessary to clarify the interrelationships of taxa within the family and stabilize its system.

• Klíčová slova
• Dicrocoeliidae, Digenea, Life cycle, Lyperosomum, Molecular phylogeny,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Partial (D1-D3) 28S rRNA gene sequences from 16 isolates of digenean parasites of the family Dicrocoeliidae recovered from 16 bird species from the Czech Republic were used for phylogenetic reconstruction. Comparison with sequences available from GenBank suggests that the genus Brachylecithum is paraphyletic, requiring further validation and possible systematic revision. Although partial 28S rDNA is relatively conserved, analyses suggest that the following taxa are synonymous: Lutztrema attenuatum = L. monenteron = L. microstomum, Brachylecithum lobatum = B. glareoli. Zonorchis petiolatus is reassigned back to the genus Lyperosomum with L. collurionis as a junior synonym. The study revealed how complicated the systematics of the family Dicrocoeliidae is currently. The morphology of the group is variable, and the current distinguishing characters at species and even generic level are not sufficiently distinctive; it is difficult to identify the specimens correctly and identification of GenBank isolates is not reliable. Extensive sampling of isolates for both molecular and morphological studies is necessary to resolve the relationships within the family.

• Klíčová slova
• 28S rDNA, Birds, Brachylecithum, Dicrocoeliidae, Lutztrema, Lyperosomum,
• MeSH
• Dicrocoeliidae klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• infekce červy třídy Trematoda parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci ptáků parazitologie   MeSH
• ptáci parazitologie   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ribozomální DNA MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S MeSH

Molecular and morphological data were gathered for specimens of species of Macvicaria Gibson & Bray, 1982 and Pseudopycnadena Saad-Fares & Maillard, 1986 (Digenea: Opecoelidae) collected from two sparid fishes, Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire) and Sparus aurata L., off the Algerian coast of the Western Mediterranean. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and partial 28S rDNA sequences provided evidence for the distinct species status of eight Mediterranean species of Macvicaria. Novel molecular data are provided for four species, M. gibsoni n. sp. and M. crassigula (Linton, 1910) (sensu stricto) based on specimens from D. vulgaris, and M. mormyri (Stossich, 1885) and M. maamouriae Antar, Georgieva, Gargouri & Kostadinova, 2015 based on specimens from S. aurata; descriptions of the molecular voucher material of the former three species are provided. Two species were delineated within the "crassigula" species complex of Macvicaria, M. gibsoni n. sp. and M. crassigula (s. str.), the distinctive differentiating features being the distribution of the dorsal vitelline fields in the forebody, confluent in M. gibsoni n. sp. and non-confluent in M. crassigula (s. str.), and the molecular data for both markers. Sequences associated with morphological description are also provided for the type-species of Pseudopycnadena, P. fischthali Saad-Fares & Maillard, 1986, based on material from D. vulgaris.

• MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• Perciformes parazitologie   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S genetika   MeSH
• Trematoda anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA MeSH
• ribozomální DNA MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S MeSH