Most cited article - PubMed ID 29502544
Helminth endoparasites of the smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris: linking morphological identification and molecular data
The genus Oswaldocruzia represents a taxonomically diverse group of nematodes with global distribution. Although Oswaldocruzia species are widespread and exhibit a remarkably wide host range in some species, their genetic diversity and biogeographic patterns remain poorly understood. This study investigated the genetic variability and distribution of Oswaldocruzia spp. in nine anuran species from the genera Bufo, Bufotes, Pelophylax, and Rana across Central Europe and the Balkans. Two species were identified: Oswaldocruzia filiformis and O. ukrainae, each exhibiting a different range of host associations. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial COI sequences revealed significant haplotype diversity in the generalist O. filiformis, with low geographic and host-associated genetic structuring. In contrast, O. ukrainae, which is closely associated with Bufotes viridis, exhibited only one genetic variant across all samples, highlighting its restricted genetic diversity. The findings emphasize contrasting genetic diversities among nematode parasites exhibiting different levels of host-specificity and expand the known distribution of O. filiformis into new regions of the Balkans. In addition, they highlight the need for additional studies on the ecological and evolutionary factors that influence the genetic diversity of parasites in amphibians.
TITLE: Aperçu de la diversité génétique et de la répartition des espèces des nématodes Oswaldocruzia (Trichostrongylida : Molineidae) en Europe : absence apparente de structuration géographique et populationnelle chez les amphibiens. ABSTRACT: Le genre Oswaldocruzia représente un groupe de nématodes taxonomiquement diversifié, réparti à l’échelle mondiale. Bien que les espèces d’Oswaldocruzia soient répandues et présentent une gamme d’hôtes remarquablement large chez certaines espèces, leur diversité génétique et leurs profils biogéographiques restent mal compris. Cette étude a examiné la variabilité génétique et la répartition des espèces d’Oswaldocruzia chez neuf espèces d’anoures des genres Bufo, Bufotes, Pelophylax et Rana en Europe centrale et dans les Balkans. Deux espèces ont été identifiées : Oswaldocruzia filiformis et O. ukrainae, chacune présentant une gamme différente d’associations d’hôtes. Les analyses phylogénétiques basées sur les séquences COI mitochondriales ont révélé une diversité d’haplotypes significative chez l’espèce généraliste O. filiformis, avec une faible structuration génétique géographique et associée à l’hôte. En revanche, O. ukrainae, étroitement associé à Bufotes viridis, ne présentait qu’une seule variante génétique dans tous les échantillons, soulignant sa diversité génétique limitée. Ces résultats mettent en évidence les diversités génétiques contrastées parmi les nématodes parasites présentant différents niveaux de spécificité d’hôte et étendent la répartition connue d’O. filiformis à de nouvelles régions des Balkans. De plus, ils soulignent la nécessité de mener des études complémentaires sur les facteurs écologiques et évolutifs qui influencent la diversité génétique des parasites des amphibiens.
- Keywords
- Amphibian Nematodes, Genetic Diversity, Host-Parasite Dynamics, Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Phylogeography,
- MeSH
- DNA, Helminth genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Phylogeny MeSH
- Phylogeography MeSH
- Genetic Variation * MeSH
- Haplotypes MeSH
- Host Specificity MeSH
- Electron Transport Complex IV genetics MeSH
- Bufonidae parasitology MeSH
- Trichostrongyloidea * genetics classification isolation & purification MeSH
- Trichostrongyloidiasis * veterinary parasitology epidemiology MeSH
- Anura * parasitology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Europe epidemiology MeSH
- Names of Substances
- DNA, Helminth MeSH
- Electron Transport Complex IV MeSH
Strigea falconis is a common parasite of birds of prey and owls widely distributed in the Holarctic. We aimed to characterise S. falconis from Iceland via integrative taxonomic approach and to contribute to the understanding of its circulation in the Holarctic. We recovered adult S. falconis from two gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) collected in 2011 and 2012 in Iceland (Reykjanes Peninsula, Westfjords) and characterised them by morphological and molecular genetic (D2 of rDNA, cox1, ND1 of the mDNA) methods. We provide the first species record of S. falconis in Iceland which to the best of our knowledge is its northernmost distributional range. The presence of S. falconis in Iceland is surprising, as there are no suitable intermediate hosts allowing completion of its life cycle. Gyrfalcons are fully sedentary in Iceland; thus, the only plausible explanation is that they acquired their infection by preying upon migratory birds arriving from Europe. Our data indicate that the most likely candidates are Anseriformes and Charadriiformes. Also, we corroborate the wide geographical distribution of S. falconis, as we found a high degree of similarity between our haplotypes and sequences of mesocercariae from frogs in France and of a metacercaria from Turdus naumanni in Japan, and adults from Buteo buteo and Circus aeruginosus from the Czech Republic. The case of Strigea falconis shows the advantages of a complex life cycle and also depicts its pitfalls when a parasite is introduced to a new area with no suitable intermediate hosts. In Iceland, gyrfalcons are apparently dead-end hosts for S. falconis.
- Keywords
- Digenea, Gyrfalcon, Life cycle, Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, Raptors, Trematoda,
- MeSH
- Falconiformes * MeSH
- Life Cycle Stages MeSH
- Trematoda * genetics MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Europe MeSH
- Iceland epidemiology MeSH