The study assesses associations between microelement levels, fatty acid composition, and oxidative stress markers in grass carp muscle in the summer and autumn seasons. Additionally, various factors were considered, including the estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), total THQ (TTHQ), and metal pollution index (MPI), to evaluate potential health risks for consumers. The microelements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, and Zn) were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and total mercury was determined using cold-vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS). Fatty acid profiling was realized using gas chromatography (GC) detection with a flame ionization detector (FID). The overall tendency of microelement levels was as follows: Fe > Zn > Al > Sr > Ba > Ni > Se > Cr> Cu > Mn > Pb > As > Li > Hg;
- Klíčová slova
- Biomarker, Biomonitoring, Dorsal muscle, FAs, Freshwater fish, Risk assessment, Trace elements,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Residual concentrations of some trace elements and lightweight metals, including cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, silver, zinc, nickel, chromium, arsenic, gallium, indium, gold, cobalt, polonium, and thallium, are widely detected in aquatic ecosystems globally. Although their origin may be natural, human activities significantly elevate their environmental concentrations. Metals, renowned pollutants, threaten various organisms, particularly crustaceans. Due to their feeding habits and habitat, crustaceans are highly exposed to contaminants and are considered a crucial link in xenobiotic transfer through the food chain. Moreover, crustaceans absorb metals via their gills, crucial pathways for metal uptake in water. This review summarises the adverse effects of well-studied metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, Zn, Ni, Cr, As, Co) and synthesizes knowledge on the toxicity of less-studied metals (Ag, Ga, In, Au, Pl, Tl), their presence in waters, and impact on crustaceans. Bibliometric analysis underscores the significance of this topic. In general, the toxic effects of the examined metals can decrease survival rates by inducing oxidative stress, disrupting biochemical balance, causing histological damage, interfering with endocrine gland function, and inducing cytotoxicity. Metal exposure can also result in genotoxicity, reduced reproduction, and mortality. Despite current toxicity knowledge, there remains a research gap in this field, particularly concerning the toxicity of rare earth metals, presenting a potential future challenge.
- Klíčová slova
- Crustaceans, Environmental Contaminants, Micropollutants, Toxicity,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Contradictory reports regarding the effects of nanoselenium (NanoSe) on the performance of broiler chickens may occur. Therefore, the optimum supplementation of NanoSe doses needs to be determined. The current meta-analysis study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and the optimum doses of NanoSe supplementation in broiler diets on performance, blood constituents, carcass, and giblet weight by considering breed and sex. The database was obtained from online scientific publications by searching through search engines such as Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed by entering the keywords nanoselenium, performance, antioxidants, and broiler. A total of 25 articles were included in the meta-analysis database. The study group was treated as a random effect while NanoSe dose, breed, and sex were treated as fixed effects. Daily body weight gain, carcass weight, and breast weight increased quadratically (P < 0.05), and FCR decreased quadratically (P < 0.05) in the starter and cumulative periods with increasing NanoSe supplementation. NanoSe supplementation tended to decrease cumulative feed intake linearly (P < 0.1) and decreased (P < 0.05) abdominal fat, albumin, red blood cells, ALT, and MDA levels. In contrast, levels of total protein, globulin, glucose, AST, white blood cells, cholesterol, triglyceride, and the weight of the liver, heart, gizzard, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and spleen were not affected by NanoSe supplementation. Increasing the dose of NanoSe increased (P < 0.05) the GSHPx enzyme and Se concentration in breast muscle and liver and tended to enhance (P < 0.01) the CAT enzyme. It is concluded that a proper dose of NanoSe supplementation in a broiler diet improves body weight gain, feed efficiency, carcass, and breast weight without adverse effects on giblets. Dietary NanoSe elevates Se concentration in the breast muscle and liver and antioxidant activity. The current meta-analysis shows that the optimum dose for body weight gain and FCR is 1 to 1.5 mg/kg.
- Klíčová slova
- Antioxidant, Body weight, Breed, Internal organ, Meta-analysis, Selenium,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia * metabolismus MeSH
- dieta veterinární MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata analýza MeSH
- kur domácí metabolismus MeSH
- potravní doplňky * MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia * MeSH
The present study evaluated the effects of dietary selenium yeast (SY) on the brain, CSF, and blood of 30 crossbreed goats (5-6 months of age) of both sexes. After the acclimatization of 2 weeks, they were randomly separated into two groups (n = 15) named C and SY groups. The C group received only a basal diet, while SY received a basal diet along with 0.3 mg/kg/diet of SY (Sel-Plex®) in total 0.035 mg/kg/diet of SY for 10 weeks. Se concentration (µg /g dry weight) in 15 different parts of the goat's brain was accessed, and results showed that the highest concentration was found in the occipital cerebrum (322.0 ± 6.146), whereas the lowest concentration was found in the midbrain (10.33 ± 0.232). Besides, the oxidative biomarkers including GSH (12.13 ± 0.191), GSH-Px (206.7 ± 2.362), GST (23.80 ± 0.279), CAT (14.80 ± 0.279), and SOD (152.5 ± 9.540) were increased in SY as compared to GSH (8.200 ± 0.144), GSH-Px (112.9 ± 1.183), GST (18.93 ± 0.284), CAT (12.53 ± 0.215), and SOD (109.0 ± 1.966) of C. The level of cholesterol was also significantly decreased in the serum of the SY group (84.87 ± 0.960) as compared to C (110.5 ± 0.592). In addition, the cholesterol level in CSF decreased significantly in SY (0.3567 ± 0.016) as compared to C (0.509 ± 0.009). The current research suggests that SY supplementation has improved the brain's antioxidant status, blood biochemistry, and cholesterol levels in both serum and CSF of goats.
- Klíčová slova
- Antioxidant, Brain, CSF, GSH-Px, Oxidative stress, SOD, Selenium,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The objective of this study was to establish a reference interval for serum zinc in dogs and to determine the factors that affected it. We collected samples from 197 clinically healthy animals of various breeds and ages and obtained information about their sex, neuter status, age, breed, diet, lifestyle, weight, and body condition score. Serum zinc concentration was measured by a colorimetric method using a clinical chemistry analyzer. We established the reference interval for serum zinc as 4.9-19.7 µmol/L. When assessing the relationship of zinc with various biochemical parameters, we found significant correlation with albumin and triacylglycerols. The only observed factor that significantly influenced serum concentration was sex. Female dogs had higher levels (median 11.0 µmol/L) than males (median 8.9 µmol/L). The difference between intact females and intact males was also significant (medians 11.6 and 9.0 µmol/L respectively), but it was only numerical for neutered animals (median of neutered females 10.7 µmol/L and of neutered males 8.7 µmol/L). Despite the general belief that homemade food for dogs contains a lower amount of zinc than a commercial one, diet did not influence zinc serum levels significantly. There was also no impact of age, breed, lifestyle, weight, or body condition score on serum zinc concentration.
Oštiepok is traditional half-fat semi-hard cheese manufactured in Slovak Republic. In this research, we have analyzed the content of macro-elements (calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium) and micro-elements (chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc) in Oštiepok cheese samples collected from various parts of Slovak Republic. The analysis of Oštiepok cheese samples (n = 19) was carried out by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The macro-element concentrations in the investigated samples varied quite significantly with the highest values recorded for sodium with its average concentration of 8083 mg kg-1. The second highest macro-element concentration was observed for calcium with the average concentration of 6850 mg kg-1. Average concentration of zinc was 23.2 mg kg-1; iron, 14.1 mg kg-1; and copper, 10.0 mg kg-1. The concentration of macro- and micro-elements varied from sample to sample, but we can conclude that the traditional Oštiepok cheese is a suitable source of some minerals important for human health. Based on the RDA, the exposure amounts of analyzed samples are low, and no element can be referred to as significant since none reaches 15% of the nutrient reference values, according to EC Regulation 1169/2011.
- Klíčová slova
- Cheese, Daily mineral intake, Elemental composition, Oštiepok, RDA,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály chemie MeSH
- spektrofotometrie atomová MeSH
- stopové prvky analýza MeSH
- sýr analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- minerály MeSH
- stopové prvky MeSH
The widely used means of investigating animal mineral profiles are blood serum or plasma and internal organ tissues. The acquisition of these types of samples can be invasive and requires much effort. These factors become key obstacles in the case of rare and elusive species such as the Western Derby eland (Taurotragus derbianus derbianus, WDE), which is a critically endangered antelope with a current distribution limited to the Niokolo Koba National Park, and two wildlife reserves in Senegal. One of the solutions to this problem is to collect easily accessible samples, such as faeces or fur, which may provide valid information about animal mineral status. Our study focuses on determining the macroelement and microelement levels in animal blood serum, hair, and faeces, and analysing their correlations to evaluate whether hair and/or faeces can be used as a proxy for blood mineral levels. Samples were collected from 11 individual WDEs (6 males, 5 females) during translocations within two reserves. Correlations of mineral concentrations in the blood, hair, and faeces were not found except for Fe in the faeces, which was positively correlated with Fe in the hair (r = 0.64, P < 0.05) and blood (r = 0.69, P < 0.05). The lack of correlations among the different types of samples may be because of the low number of samples; hence, we recommend conducting further research with a broader dataset. Our findings, however, currently indicate that faeces and fur analyses cannot stand alone for the assessment of the mineral status and the determination of WDEs' potential mineral deficiencies.
- Klíčová slova
- Conservation translocation, Giant eland, Large antelope, Mineral profile, West Africa, Wildlife nutrition,
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata MeSH
- feces chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály analýza MeSH
- vlasy, chlupy chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Senegal MeSH
- Názvy látek
- minerály MeSH
In this study, we assessed concentrations of 13 trace metals in the scales of Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchii and Gobionotothen gibberifrons caught off the coast of James Ross Island (Antarctic Peninsula). Overall, our results for scales broadly match those of previous studies using different fish and different organs, with most metals found at trace levels and manganese, aluminium, iron and zinc occurring at high levels in all species. This suggests that scales can serve as a useful, non-invasive bioindicator of long-term contamination in Antarctic fishes. High accumulation of manganese, aluminium, iron and zinc is largely due to high levels in sediments associated with nearby active volcanic sites. Manganese, vanadium and aluminium showed significant positive bioaccumulation in T. bernacchii (along with non-significant positive accumulation of iron, zinc, cobalt and chromium), most likely due to greater dietary specialisation on sediment feeding benthic prey and higher trophic species. Levels of significance in bioaccumulation regressions were strongly affected by large-scale variation in the data, driven largely by individual differences in diet and/or changes in habitat use and sex differences associated with life stage and reproductive status. Increased levels of both airborne deposition and precipitation and meltwater runoff associated with climate change may be further adding to the already high levels of manganese, aluminium, iron and zinc in Antarctic Peninsula sediments. Further long-term studies are encouraged to elucidate mechanisms of uptake (especially for aluminium and iron) and possible intra- and interspecific impacts of climate change on the delicate Antarctic food web.
- Klíčová slova
- Antarctic peninsula, Bioaccumulation, Czech Antarctic Station, Notothenioidei, Shallow coastal waters, Trace metal contaminants,
- MeSH
- potravní řetězec * MeSH
- ryby metabolismus MeSH
- stopové prvky metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Antarktida MeSH
- Názvy látek
- stopové prvky MeSH
The aim of the present study was to determine concentrations of 15 macro- and micro-elements in 10 commercially available plantation Arabica coffee brands. The elemental concentration was studied in 50 samples of green and roasted coffee beans of various roasting degrees and their infusions. There were four different roasting degrees: City + (C+), Full city (FC), Full city ++ (FC++), and Dark (D). The attention was given to the impact of the roasting process on the elemental composition. Statistically significant differences were found between the green coffee beans and the different roasting degrees in both macro- and micro-elements. The results showed that roasting degrees affected the concentration of elements in resulting infusions. Dietary intakes for macro- and micro-elements based on RDA and PTWI (in the case of Al) were calculated. Based on the RDA values for macro- and micro-elements, it can be concluded that coffee infusions are not an important source of elements in nutrition. In the case of Al, consumption of coffee was considered non-hazardous based on the PTWI value.
- Klíčová slova
- Elemental composition, Green coffee, Risk assessment, Roasted coffee, Roasting degree,
- MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- káva * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- káva * MeSH
The worldwide growing interest in traditional medicines, including herbal medicines and herbal dietary supplements, has recently been accompanied by concerns on quality and safety of this type of health care. The content of nutritional and potentially toxic elements in medicinal plants is of paramount interest as it may vary remarkably according to different environmental and ecophysiological factors. In this study, the concentrations of essential and non-essential trace elements-Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Sr, and Zn-were determined in the roots and aerial parts of the worldwide distributed and economically important medicinal herb Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) and in its growing substrate. Most of the analyzed trace elements varied considerably in the plant parts according to edaphic conditions and soil geochemistry. However, uptake and retention in H. perforatum compartments of Co, Cr, and Ni, which markedly differentiated the investigated soils, were controlled by excluding mechanisms of the plant. Despite this, the Ni concentrations in the aerial parts, commonly used in herbal preparations, of H. perforatum plants from serpentine soils were not insignificant in relation to eventual human consumption. Good practice to assure the herbal product quality of H. perforatum collected from the wild cannot ignore the thorough understanding of the geolithological and geochemical features of the harvesting areas.
- Klíčová slova
- Bioaccumulation, Hypericum perforatum L., Medicinal plants, Trace elements, Translocation, Uptake,
- MeSH
- kořeny rostlin chemie metabolismus MeSH
- léčivé rostliny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- nadzemní části rostlin chemie metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie metabolismus MeSH
- třezalka chemie metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
