BACKGROUND: Data on the long-term effects of prenatal exposure to maternal cancer and its treatment on child development are scarce. METHODS: In a multicenter cohort study, the neurologic and cardiac outcomes of 6-year-old children born to women diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy were compared with the outcome of children born after an uncomplicated pregnancy. Assessment included clinical evaluation, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, electrocardiography and echocardiography. RESULTS: In total, 132 study children and 132 controls were included. In the study group, 97 children (73.5%) were prenatally exposed to chemotherapy (alone or in combination with other treatments), 14 (10.6%) to radiotherapy (alone or in combination), 1 (0.8%) to trastuzumab, 12 (9.1%) to surgery alone and 16 (12.1%) to no treatment. Although within normal ranges, statistically significant differences were found in mean verbal IQ and visuospatial long-term memory, with lower scores in the study versus control group (98.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 94.5-101.8, versus 104.4, 95% CI: 100.4-108.4, P = 0.001, Q < 0.001 [Q refers to the false discovery rate adjusted P value], and 3.9, 95% CI: 3.6-4.3, versus 4.5, 95% CI: 4.1-4.9, P = 0.005, Q = 0.045, respectively). A significant difference in diastolic blood pressure was found, with higher values in chemotherapy-exposed (61.1, 95% CI: 59.0 to 63.2) versus control children (56.0, 95% CI 54.1 to 57.8) (P < 0.001, Q < 0.001) and in a subgroup of 59 anthracycline-exposed (61.8, 95% CI: 59.3 to 64.4) versus control children (55.9, 95% CI: 53.6 to 58.1) (P < 0.001, Q = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Children prenatally exposed to maternal cancer and its treatment are at risk for lower verbal IQ and visuospatial long-term memory scores and for higher diastolic blood pressure, but other cognitive functions and cardiac outcomes were normal at the age of 6 years. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00330447.

• Klíčová slova
• Antineoplastic agents, Child development, Follow-up studies, High risk, Infant, Pregnancy, Prenatal exposure delayed effects,
• MeSH
• diastola účinky léků   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• inteligence účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové komplikace v těhotenství farmakoterapie   radioterapie   MeSH
• paměť účinky léků   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• protinádorové látky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vývoj dítěte účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protinádorové látky MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• ABNORMALITIES/etiology *, PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC/complications *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mimoděložní těhotenství komplikace   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vrozené vady etiologie   MeSH
• vývoj dítěte * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy may affect offspring development. We aim to examine the association between prenatal vitamin B12 intake and children's cognitive development. METHODS: A total of 5151 mother-child pairs from the Czech part of ELSPAC study were included in the analysis. Dietary information was obtained during pregnancy using food frequency questionnaire. Parents reported on their child's speech and language development at 18 months, 3, 5 and 7 years. Intelligence quotient (IQ) was measured at 8 years in subcohort of 854 children. RESULTS: Children of mothers with higher vitamin B12 intake demonstrated higher scores in language (B = 0.20, 95% CI 0.06, 0.34) and talking and understanding (B = 2.39, 95% CI 0.97, 3.80) in a fully adjusted model at 18 months. Additionally, they were more likely to get maximum points in the intelligibility test at age 3 (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01, 1.09) in unadjusted model, however, not in fully adjusted model. We found a positive effect of higher vitamin B12 intake on verbal IQ (B = 1.08, 95% CI 0.09, 2.08). CONCLUSIONS: We identified consistent associations between prenatal vitamin B12 intake and children's cognitive development. The results suggest that inadequate vitamin B12 during pregnancy may negatively affect children's cognitive development, particularly in speech and language.

• Klíčová slova
• children, epidemiology, food and nutrition,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• inteligence * účinky léků   MeSH
• inteligenční testy MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vitamin B 12 * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• vývoj dítěte * účinky léků   MeSH
• vývoj řeči * MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• vitamin B 12 * MeSH

The development of attachment during the perinatal and/or postnatal periods between a child their mother, father and family as whole can be observed. This attachment provides the child with the safety and security feelings and may provide satisfaction to the mother and other family members. In children with physical and mental developmental disability, attachment may be challenged immediately after birth. It is typically recovered after a certain period. The authors describe the development of attachment of family members to children with somatic, mental or social disability based on an analysis of nine case reports. They conclude that the attachment of parents/mothers to their child with a disability is typically established after a certain period of time only. In the first period, there is a caregiving attitude of the mother even though the period of the origination of this tie takes place later. The mother is most frequently the person establishing attachment. However, this is not always the rule. In our cases, there were two fathers, who made the attachment earlier than respective mothers. Attachment was also evident in some grandparents and siblings. The parents, mostly the fathers, can lose the attachment established. Analysis of the degree of attachment to the child by parents may be complicated due to difficulty in assessing the extent and degree of the attachment of children with severe disabilities to their parents.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• osoby pečující o pacienty psychologie   MeSH
• péče o dítě psychologie   MeSH
• postižené děti psychologie   MeSH
• připoutání k objektu * MeSH
• rodiče psychologie   MeSH
• rodina psychologie   MeSH
• sourozenecké vztahy MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vývojové poruchy u dětí psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• vztahy mezi rodiči a dětmi * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

The author gives an account of the views of L. Hartmann, president of the American Psychiatric Association, professor of child psychiatry, specially of his theory of biopsychosocial integration. It is a selective abbreviated explanation of Hartman's concept which seems to be a good baseline of contemporary child psychiatry.

• MeSH
• dětská psychiatrie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• psychologická teorie * MeSH
• vývoj dítěte * MeSH
• vývojové poruchy u dětí etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to examine the association between Cesarean section (CS) and child development and behavior. The sample consisted of 256 children who were born at term without serious perinatal pathologies. Their development and behavior was assessed at the age of four using Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3), Children's Behavior Questionnaire and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between CS and child outcomes. CS was associated with better scores in the Problem Solving domain of the ASQ in the whole sample. After stratifying by child sex, the positive association between CS and the Problem Solving domain was significant in boys, while no association was found in girls. Girls were rated less optimally in the Gross Motor domain of the ASQ when born via CS. Mode of birth was not associated with behavioral outcomes.

• Klíčová slova
• Behavior, Cesarean section, Development, Pre-school, Temperament,
• MeSH
• císařský řez * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vývoj dítěte * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• dětská psychologie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• inteligenční testy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• vývoj dítěte * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH

High-quality teacher-child interactions in early learning environments have been regarded as a key contributor to children's early language and cognitive development in international scholarships. Little is known, however, about the longitudinal effects of children's receptive vocabularies in the Chinese context. In this study, we addressed the question of such longitudinal effects by examining the predictive effect of preschool teacher-child interaction quality on children's subsequent receptive vocabulary development in 42 kindergartens in Guangdong Province China. The results in a nested design showed that except for the factor of Emotional Support, the other two factors (Classroom Management and Instructional Support) were positive predictors to children's vocabulary competency from K2 (T1) to K3 (T2) at preschools. Findings contribute to the growing international literature on the critical role teacher-child interaction quality plays in children's language and literacy learning and development. Implications for enhancing communication channels between early childhood (EC) educators and decision-makers, and the strategies of the improvement of language and literacy teachers' professional development are also discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• Chinese children, early years, modeling, receptive vocabulary development, teacher-child quality interaction,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Studies were carried out in a series of 100 mothers of children with facial clefts who were treated up to the age of 13 to 15 years at the Department for Plastic Surgery. Clefts were used as a model situation for studies into the response of parents--and especially of mothers--to the birth of a child with an inborn malformation. The main results showed: that three quarters of mothers designated the birth of a handicapped child as a mental shock followed by a variety of neurotic symptoms. A certain proportion of mothers suffered from reactive depression which was not diagnosed and therefore not treated. It was confirmed that the poor mental condition of the mother in the predominant part of the series examined persisted up to the adolescence of the affected child and exerted marked negative effects on the mental prosperity of the child. This resulted in a latent or manifest parental attitude of rejection and in the development of mental handicap in their children (impaired self-esteem, impaired sexual identification etc.). The stress situation was increased by factors including manifestation of stigmatization by the familial environment and by the collective of children which had an adverse effect approximately on about three quarters of mothers and children. The discussed forms of medical care and counselling could in the post partum period and later help to reduce the mental stress experienced by the parents, as well as promote the somatic and mental development of the child.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• matky psychologie   MeSH
• postižení * MeSH
• rodina psychologie   MeSH
• sociální přizpůsobení MeSH
• vývojové poruchy u dětí psychologie   MeSH
• životní změny MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• INFANT, NEWBORN *, MOVEMENT *, PYRAMIDAL TRACTS *, REFLEX, CONDITIONED *,
• MeSH
• klasické podmiňování * MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nervový systém - fyziologické jevy * MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• pohyb * MeSH
• pyramidové dráhy * MeSH
• reflex * MeSH
• vývoj dítěte * MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH