This article summarises the current knowledge of the rabbit coccidia and the disease they cause. Various aspects, such as life cycles, localisation in the host, pathology and pathogenicity, immunity and control, are discussed.
- MeSH
- Eimeria classification pathogenicity physiology MeSH
- Coccidiosis parasitology veterinary MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
The aim of the present review was to assess whether rabbit meat production can help to improve food security in Ukraine and whether it can make a meaningful contribution to the national economy. Rabbit meat is a nutrient-rich and affordable food with a lower environmental impact than red meat from cattle or sheep. Rabbit meat is considered healthy, as it is lower in fat, cholesterol and sodium than other types of meat, and rich in protein. In addition, rabbit meat proteins can serve as a source of bioactive peptides with the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition properties. The health-promoting properties of rabbit meat and role of associated by-products in providing nutritious and safe food for consumers, and in reducing waste in the meat sector, should be promoted. In Ukraine, rabbit meat products are already recommended as part of a healthy diet for children, pregnant women and the elderly, and the market could be broadened by introducing more rabbit-based products for the whole population. Rabbit production in Ukraine is a promising area of economic activity and with a broader market this segment could increase further and become a significant part of the economy. However, the rabbit farming sector in Ukraine needs comprehensive improvement to address existing issues, including the introduction of sustainable production methods in accordance with European animal welfare and meat quality standards.
- Keywords
- Eastern Europe, Health effects, Nutritional composition, Rabbit,
- MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Meat Products * MeSH
- Meat * analysis MeSH
- Sheep MeSH
- Cattle MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Food Security MeSH
- Diet, Healthy MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Cattle MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Geographicals
- Ukraine MeSH
Two young female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. edulis) were inoculated subcutaneously with Bhanja virus (BHA) in a dose of 85 intracerebral LD50 for suckling mice (SMicLD50) and 8500 SMicLD50 (rabbit A and B, resp.). In rabbit A no clinical symptoms, nor viremia were observed, only seroconversion was revealed on day 7 p.i. On the other hand, in the rabbit B hypothermy on days 7--11 p.i., a mild adynamia on day 11 p.i. and a slight paresis on one hind leg on days 23--30 p.i. were observed; traces of BHA virus in the blood were detected on day 9 p.i. and seroconversion on day 7 p.i. The virus was not isolated from the interior organs (brain, liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs and heart) of the two rabbits dissected 38 days p.i.
- MeSH
- Bunyaviridae immunology isolation & purification pathogenicity MeSH
- Rabbits microbiology MeSH
- Blood microbiology MeSH
- Antibodies, Viral analysis MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits microbiology MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Antibodies, Viral MeSH
Numerous natural and synthetic substances have effects on reproduction through several mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the impact of green tea (GT), yucca schidigera (YS) extract, curcuma longa (CL), adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX) stimulators on rabbit reproduction performance. To obtain a comprehensive overview of this topic, the keywords "reproduction," "substances," "spermatogenesis," "embryogenesis,"hormonal profil", "green tea", "yucca schidigera" were searched in such databases as WOS and PubMed to obtain relevant information. Spermatozoa profile was positively effected by the GT and YS, however, cAMP inhibitors stimulated spermatozoa motility resulted in positive or negative effects depending on the doses. Similarly, embryogenesis and hormonal profile were positively influenced by the GT, YS, cAMP and IBMX in a proper administration dose. Further research is needed to improve current knowledge about these substances to identify potential effects on the other reproduction parameters. Furthermore, future studies should combine GT, YS and CL with different plant extracts to determine their effects on spermatozoa status, embryogenesis as well as hormonal profile as key outcomes. This review summarizes current knowledge about effect of natural and synthetic substances on rabbit reproduction.
- Keywords
- curcuma longa, yucca schidigera, IBMX, cAMP, green tea, rabbit reproduction,
- MeSH
- 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine pharmacology MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Reproduction MeSH
- Yucca * MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine MeSH
1. Ca2+-ATPase of myosin and electrophoretic pattern of light chains of myosin were investigated in cardiac muscles of 22-day-old rabbit embryos, new-born and adult rabbits. 2. Ca2+-ATPase activity was found to decrease during development and in contrast to that of adult rabbit, cardiac myosin prepared from 22-day-old embryos, is stable on exposure to pH 9.5. 3. Myosin from the cardiac muscle of rabbit embryos reveals light chains of both fast and slow types, that from adult animals, however, reveals light chains of the slow type only. 4. These studies suggest that unlike the cardiac muscle of adult rabbit, cardiac muscle of rabbit embryos contains both fast and slow types of myosin.
- MeSH
- Adenosine Triphosphatases metabolism MeSH
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel MeSH
- Fetal Heart metabolism MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Myocardium metabolism MeSH
- Myosins metabolism pharmacology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Adenosine Triphosphatases MeSH
- Myosins MeSH
The presence of phytase activity was demonstrated in 26 strains of rabbit cecal bacteria. In 25 strains a low phytase activity, 0.10-0.62 micromol phosphate released per min per mg protein, was found. High activity (2.61 micromol/min per mg protein) was found in the strain PP2 identified as Enterococcus hirae. Phytase activity was cell-associated, being higher in the cell extract than in the cell walls. Extracellular phytase activity and cell-associated phosphatase activity were not detected. Phytase activity was optimal around pH 5.0, which is below the physiological cecal pH range. The K (m) determined using the Lineweaver-Burk plot was 0.19 micromol/mL. Cations Fe(3+), Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) at 0.5 mmol/L decreased phytase activity in sonicated cells of E. hirae by 99.4, 90.7 and 96.5 %, respectively. In contrast, Mg(2+) increased activity by 11.0 %. Characteristics of E. hirae phytase (pH optimum, K (m), cation sensitivity) were similar to those of other bacterial phytases reported in the literature. Other bacteria with a high phytase activity may be present in the rabbit cecum but remain to be identified.
- MeSH
- 6-Phytase chemistry metabolism MeSH
- Bacteria chemistry enzymology isolation & purification MeSH
- Bacterial Proteins chemistry metabolism MeSH
- Cecum microbiology MeSH
- Enterococcus chemistry genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Kinetics MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Enzyme Stability MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- 6-Phytase MeSH
- Bacterial Proteins MeSH
Examination in the scanning and the transmission electron microscope showed three morphologically and structurally different types of cells in the vitreous body of the healthy rabbit eye: 1. cells with numerous cytoplasm processes, whose high metabolic activity is represented by the presence of a large number of organelles and which are capable of synthesizing fibrillar material; 2. elongate cells with a flattened nucleus, with long, narrow cytoplasm processes arising from both their poles and with only a few organelles in their cytoplasm; 3. large spherical cells with structureless contents, whose nucleus and few organelles are situated below the cell membrane. The organized component of the intercellular matter of the rabbit vitreous body is composed of collagen fibrils with a very variable diameter (24-180 nm), The collagen fibrils form the basis of the three-dimensional skeleton of the intercellular matter of the vitreous body.
- MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Vitreous Body ultrastructure MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
In animal breeding, genetic parameters along with economic weights (EWs) of traits are applied. Profit functions currently used to calculate rabbit traits' EWs do not consider nutrient requirements based on animal weight, growth rate and doe reproductive status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a flexible bioeconomic model of rabbit-production systems and implement it in a computer programme in order to calculate economic values and relative EWs for rabbit traits. The bioeconomic model includes calculation of the doe age structure in the stationary state of a doe population; calculation of progeny structure; modelling growth, digestible energy, feed and water requirements for does in different reproductive statuses and for all progeny groups using a normative approach; calculation of the total feed and non-feed costs, revenues and profit per doe and per year; calculation of marginal economic values for up to 20 production and functional traits and estimation of the relative EWs of selected traits. The application of the programme is shown through an example calculation of trait economic values for a typical Czech commercial rabbit-production system. The trait economic value expresses the change in profit per doe and per year when the trait mean is increased by one unit. The programme developed is primarily useful for selection purposes in rabbit-breeding systems. Using this programme, some economic analyses of the impact of production, management and economic circumstances on the economic efficiency of various rabbit-production systems can also be performed.
- Keywords
- bioeconomic model, economic weights, feed efficiency, functional traits, growth,
- MeSH
- Breeding * MeSH
- Models, Economic MeSH
- Phenotype MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Dairying * MeSH
- Reproduction MeSH
- Body Weight MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) have been studied several years for their immunomodulatory effect through the paracrine mechanism and cytokine secretion. In combination with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), MSCs have great therapeutical potential for the repair of endothelium and wound healing. However, little is known about the cytokine profile of rabbit AT-MSCs or even EPCs. The aim of this study was to analyze the secretomes of these rabbit stem/progenitor cells. A large-scale human cytokine array (up to 80 cytokines) was used to identify and compare cytokines secreted into conditioned media of human and rabbit AT-MSCs as well as HUVECs and rabbit EPCs. Few cytokines were highly expressed by human AT-MSCs (TIMP-2, TIMP-1), HUVECs (MCP-1, TIMP-2, GRO, Angiogenin, IL-8, TIMP-1), or by rabbit EPCs (TIMP-2). Several cytokines have moderate expression by human (MCP-1, GRO, Angiogenin, TGF-β 2, IL-8, LIF, IL-6, Osteopontin, Osteoprotegerin) and rabbit AT-MSCs (TIMP-2, TGF-β 2, LIF, Osteopontin, IL-8, IL-5, IL-3) or by HUVECs (IL-6, MIF, TGF-β 2, GCP-2, IGFBP-2, Osteoprotegerin, EGF, LIF, PDGF-BB, MCP-3, Osteopontin, Leptin, IL-5, ENA-78, TNF-β) and rabbit EPCs (TGF-β 2, Osteopontin, GRO, LIF, IL-8, IL-5, IL-3). In conclusion, the proposed method seems to be useful for the secretome analysis of rabbit stem/progenitor cells.
- Keywords
- EPCs, MSCs, adipose tissue, cytokine array, rabbit,
- MeSH
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells metabolism MeSH
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells metabolism MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells metabolism MeSH
- Secretome metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the karyotypes between transgenic and non-transgenic or control rabbits. New Zealand White transgenic rabbits (F1 generation) were obtained after breeding of transgenic founder rabbits that were derived from single--SM--or double microinjection--DM--with a WAP-hFVIII transgene. C-metaphase plates were obtained from short-time culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes synchronized by the addition of colcemide. A significantly higher rate of aneuploidy was observed in c-metaphase spreads of transgenic (56-66%) rabbits, as compared to non-transgenic ones (28-38%) (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). The patterns of chromosome banding were identical in both groups of rabbits. No structural aberrations were revealed in either group. These findings demonstrate that transgenic rabbits have a higher frequency of numerical chromosomal aberrations in their peripheral blood lymphocytes than normal rabbits, but without apparent deleterious effects on health or reproduction.
- MeSH
- Aneuploidy * MeSH
- Breeding MeSH
- Chromosomes genetics MeSH
- Diploidy MeSH
- Animals, Genetically Modified genetics MeSH
- Karyotyping MeSH
- Rabbits genetics MeSH
- Lymphocytes cytology MeSH
- Metaphase MeSH
- Chromosome Banding MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Rabbits genetics MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
