dust Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Indoor dust is often used to evaluate levels of organic compounds indoors, particularly for compounds with indoor sources, such as flame retardants (FRs). Yet there are uncertainties about the type of information that can be obtained from indoor dust. This study reports detailed dust sampling to assess spatial variability in indoor dust concentrations, the relationship between FR sources and dust, and the implications when interpreting dust concentrations. Multiple dust samples were collected from a range of surface types in three large rooms: a residential flat, a university seminar room, and a university computer room. Samples were analysed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), novel halogenated flame retardants (NFRs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs). FR levels in dust varied significantly between and within rooms. Levels typically ranged over one order of magnitude within a room, and up to four orders of magnitude for a few OPEs. The spatial distribution of FRs related (in some cases) to proximity to sources, surface properties, and dust surface loadings. Differences also existed between surface and floor dusts, e.g., the contribution of TBOEP to ∑OPEs was higher in floor than surface dust, which has implications for human exposure assessment; adults typically have more contact with elevated surfaces, while young children have greater contact with floor surfaces. Overall, significant spatial heterogeneity exists in indoor dust, even in seemingly homogeneous indoor spaces, thus hampering comparability between studies and locations when single samples are collected. Composite samples are strongly recommended to limit the influence of spatial heterogeneity.
- Klíčová slova
- Flame retardants, Indoor dust, Sampling methods, Spatial variability,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- prach analýza MeSH
- retardanty hoření terapeutické užití MeSH
- znečištění vzduchu ve vnitřním prostředí analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- prach MeSH
- retardanty hoření MeSH
Air pollution by wood dust in furniture production sites is an important hygiene issue. The dust is created by all types of wood and wood-based material machining, and its concentration in the working zone surrounding the machining stand depends on the effectiveness of the dust exhaust system. In present research, three setups of the dust extraction system for a conventional table sawing machine are considered while machining particleboards. The results showed a high impact of the exhaust system connection setup on the dust concentration in the air surrounding the sawing machine work stand. The use of both main and auxiliary sawdust extraction connectors together ensured the highest clearness of the air, with only 0.5 mg/m3 of dust concentration. Closing the upper hood leads to a concentration five times higher, while disconnecting it results in a ten times higher dust content. The finest dust particles (<1 µm), however, are the most numerous in the case of closing the hood.
- Klíčová slova
- dust emission, dust exhaust system, particleboard, sawing, wood dust,
- MeSH
- dřevo MeSH
- inhalační expozice MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch v pracovním prostředí * MeSH
- prach * MeSH
- pracovní expozice * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- látky znečišťující vzduch v pracovním prostředí * MeSH
- prach * MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- AGRICULTURE *, DUST *,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prach * MeSH
- zemědělství * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- prach * MeSH
This study presents a statistical comparison between the in situ measurements of the elemental composition of street dust and a forest health status classification derived from aerial hyperspectral image data (HyMap). Combining these two methods allowed us to indirectly pinpoint at a high spatial resolution the atmospheric dust emissions and its effects in a study area around the open-pit lignite mine in Sokolov, Czech Republic. The results reveal a statistically significant relationship between increased Al, Na, Li and Sr levels in street dust and decreased forest health status, and the highest number of statistically significant correlations within a 100 m distance from the street-dust sampling points. Differences in lithological composition were unable to sufficiently explain these changes, therefore anthropogenic factors like dust emissions from coal mining and coal combustion, as well as urbanisation and other industries might be the reason for this link. Such studies are a crucial step in developing new high spatial resolution methods for determining atmospheric dust deposition and their effects.
- Klíčová slova
- Coal mining, Dust emissions, Forest health, Hyperspectral imaging, Remote sensing, Street dust,
- MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí * MeSH
- prach * MeSH
- uhlí MeSH
- zdravotní stav MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- prach * MeSH
- uhlí MeSH
Recent research has convincingly shown the advantages of combining environmental magnetism and geochemical analyses for the proxy estimation of anthropogenic pollution due to their atmospheric deposition in local environments. Few studies have also focused on anthropogenic particles deposited on snow. However, papers reporting on Sahara dust particles deposited on snow in central Europe and which involve magnetic methods are missing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the magnetic features of the SDE recorded in snowfall in this part of Europe (i.e. Poland). Our aim was to provide the magnetic characteristics and chemical elemental compositions of a snow horizon containing Saharan dust deposited near the Polish Jakuszyce meteorological station during a snowfall event that occurred from the 1st to the February 7, 2021. Samples of snow with and without Saharan dust were analysed with respect to iron oxide contents (magnetic susceptibility, hysteresis loop, magnetic remanence acquisition) and compared with chemical compositions. Our results revealed the presence of both ferrimagnetic magnetite and antiferromagnetic hematite in the dust-enriched horizon, and the diamagnetic behaviour of the reference layer consisting of 'pure' snow. The samples recorded the presence of geogenic elements such as Al, Fe, Mn, and Ti, anthropogenic elements such as As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn, and nutrients including Ca and K. The total concentrations of geogenic elements, nutrients, and anthropogenic elements in the snow samples with deposited Saharan dust were, respectively, >3700, >320, and >110 times greater than in the samples without Saharan dust. These findings may serve as reference data for a variety of environmental magnetic studies.
- Klíčová slova
- Atmospheric deposition, Chemical composition, Environmental magnetism, Saharan dust,
- MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch * analýza MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- prach * analýza MeSH
- sníh chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Polsko MeSH
- Názvy látek
- látky znečišťující vzduch * MeSH
- prach * MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- DUST *, RHINOSCLEROMA/etiology *,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prach * MeSH
- rinosklerom etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- prach * MeSH
