Expression of blood antigens A1, H, and T was studied in cells of benign and malignant tumors of colon and the rectum. The aim of the experiment was to verify the hypothesis on incomplete synthesis of glycoconjugates in the course of malignancy manifested also by an enhanced expression of H antigen compared to A antigen. A total of 152 patients with blood group A1 was examined by means of lectins DBA, UEA1, and PNA. The examination was complemented by the study of other glycosylative features and CEA expression. The results obtained do not support the mentioned hypothesis but suggest that reversal to malignancy can be associated with increased glycosylation or accumulation of abnormal glycoconjugates in the cells.

• MeSH
• adenom imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny krevních skupin imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny metabolismus   MeSH
• glykokonjugáty metabolismus   MeSH
• karcinom imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kolorektální nádory imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lektiny metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vazebná místa MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny krevních skupin MeSH
• antigeny MeSH
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• lektiny MeSH

The changes in the composition of glycoconjugates in the colon of human embrya and fetuses were studied using the methods of lectin histochemistry. Glycosylation was estimated in various sections of the colon during the development with special attention to intracellular localization. The changes were compared with the process of glycosylation in the tumor-transformed mucosa of the colon. The application of the obtained data to medical practice is discussed.

• MeSH
• disacharidy analýza   MeSH
• embryo savčí fyziologie   MeSH
• embryonální a fetální vývoj MeSH
• gestační stáří MeSH
• glykokonjugáty analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• kolon embryologie   MeSH
• lektiny MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• plod fyziologie   MeSH
• sacharidové sekvence MeSH
• střevní sliznice embryologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• disacharidy MeSH
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• lektiny MeSH

In order to survive in a highly competitive environment, freshwater or marine phototrophic microorganisms have to develop defense strategies that result in a tremendous diversity of compounds from different metabolic pathways. Recent trends in drug research from natural sources have shown that algae and cyanobacteria are promising organisms to furnish novel biochemically active compounds. In this study, we have analysed the extracellular mucilaginous proteoglycan produced by fresh-water heterocytous filamentous cyanobacterium Wollea saccata, strain Hindák 2000/18. This mucilaginous material is an acidic proteoglycan containing 30% protein and 52% carbohydrates on the basis of fraction dry weight. The constituent sugars of the carbohydrate component include glucose, fucose, 3-O-methylfucose, xylose, galactose, 3-O-methylgalactose, mannose, rhamnose, arabinose and glucuronic acid. The extracellular proteoglycan has been separated into five fractions (WF1-WF5) by anion exchange chromatography. Individual polymeric fractions varied in protein (16-57%) and carbohydrate (31-66%) contents, and in the composition of constituent monosaccharides.

• MeSH
• chromatografie iontoměničová MeSH
• glykokonjugáty analýza   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• proteoglykany chemie   MeSH
• sacharidy analýza   MeSH
• sinice chemie   MeSH
• sladká voda MeSH
• spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• proteoglykany MeSH
• sacharidy MeSH

The proportion of fucosylated glycoconjugate-containing rabbit tracheal goblet cells after intratracheal application of trimecaine was studied to evaluate its possible unfavourable effects. This lapine model is comparable with diagnostic findings in humans because airway epithelia in humans and rabbits are similar; tracheal epithelium is also practically identical to bronchial epithelium in both species. Local trimecaine anaesthesia caused a proportional decrease in percentage of the tracheal goblet cells containing both alpha(1-2)- and alpha(1-6)-, alpha(1-3)- and alpha(1-4)-fucosylated glycoconjugates as revealed 10 min postexposure using lectin histochemistry. In previous studies, only mild ultrastructural damage to the airway's epithelium was revealed, but a conspicuous decrease in sialylated glycoconjugate-containing tracheal goblet cells and the dominance of acidic sulphated glycoconjugates were observed as after-effects of the same treatment. Glycoconjugate changes can influence the inner environment of airways (e.g. viscoelastic properties of the airways' mucus and mucosal barrier functions) and thus the patient's defence barriers in airways may be weakened. Concurrently, the histochemical properties of goblet cells can be altered in bronchoscopic specimens. Since trimecaine is widely used as local anaesthesia in airways in bronchoscopy, it is necessary to heed these aforementioned effects.

• MeSH
• anestetika lokální aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• aplikace lokální MeSH
• fukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• glykokonjugáty analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• histocytochemie metody   MeSH
• intratracheální anestezie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• lektiny metabolismus   MeSH
• pohárkové buňky chemie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
• trachea MeSH
• trimekain aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anestetika lokální MeSH
• fukosa MeSH
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• lektiny MeSH
• trimekain MeSH

The human uterine epithelium has been studied by means of mild (0.1, 0.01% respectively) periodic acid (PA) oxidation followed by thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate staining. Distribution of silver deposits provided evidence for glycoconjugates and was in the case of oxidation with 0.01% PA selective for sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) complexes. The electron dense silver particles were detectable at the outer side of apical plasma membranes and on the inner surface of lysosomal membranes. Also the marginal zone of lipid droplets reacted regularly. Since the lower concentration of PA proves sialogycoconjugates selectively, the positive staining depicted not only those in the membrane compartments but also as a layer between the hydrophobic content and the hydrophilic cytoplasm. In the granular endoplasmic reticulum of the individual microvillous cells a special glycoprotein of paracrystalline organisation was detected. The functional significance of this substance remains unclear. Nuclear channel systems (NCS) are frequently observed in the epithelial cells in the uterine glands. Similar staining properties of the NCS and nuclear envelope support the hypothesis of its nuclear origin.

• MeSH
• barvení stříbrem MeSH
• elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
• endometrium chemie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• epitel chemie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• glykogen analýza   MeSH
• glykokonjugáty analýza   MeSH
• kyselina jodistá chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• uterus chemie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glykogen MeSH
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• kyselina jodistá MeSH

The proportion of goblet cells containing various fucosylated glycoconjugates was evaluated with the use of lectin histochemistry in rabbit tracheal epithelium at 15 and 30 min after intravenous administration of either aminophylline (Syntophyllin) or a mixture of etophylline and theophylline (Oxantil). Methylxanthine derivatives are nonspecific inhibitors of phosphodiesterases that are used to treat bronchial asthma; the proportion of fucosylated glycoconjugates strongly affects rheologic properties of respiratory tract mucus. It is concluded that administration of Syntophyllin dramatically lowered the proportion of goblet cells containing fucosylated glycoconjugates in rabbit tracheal epithelium, especially at 30 min after exposure. This decrease was strongest in the levels of alpha(1-2)-fucosylated glycoconjugates. Therefore, Syntophyllin substantially altered the composition and viscoelastic properties of mucus of the upper respiratory tract. The vasodilator Oxantil exerted less pronounced changes in the proportion of goblet cells, but the strongest effect was again found in the levels of alpha(1-2)-fucosylated glycoconjugates.

• MeSH
• alciánová modř chemie   MeSH
• aminofylin farmakologie   MeSH
• bronchodilatancia farmakologie   MeSH
• epitelové buňky chemie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• fukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• glykokonjugáty analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• histocytochemie MeSH
• injekce intravenózní MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• lektiny chemie   MeSH
• počet buněk MeSH
• pohárkové buňky chemie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• sekreční vezikuly chemie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• theofylin analogy a deriváty   farmakologie   MeSH
• trachea chemie   cytologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• Ulex chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alciánová modř MeSH
• aminofylin MeSH
• bronchodilatancia MeSH
• etofylline MeSH Prohlížeč
• fukosa MeSH
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• lectin, Aleuria aurantia MeSH Prohlížeč
• lektiny MeSH
• theofylin MeSH

Glycan metabolism balance is critical for cell prosperity, and macromolecule glycosylation is essential for cell communication, signaling and survival. Thus, glycotherapy may be a potential cancer treatment. The aim of the present study was to determine whether combined synthetic glycoconjugates (GCs) induce changes in gene expression that alter the survival of colon cancer cells. The current study evaluated the effect of the GCs N‑acetyl‑D‑glucosamine modified polyamidoamine dendrimer and calix[4]arene scaffold on cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and sensitivity to immune cell‑mediated killing. Using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the expression of genes involved in the aforementioned processes was measured. It was determined that GCs reduce the expression of the glucosaminyltransferases Mgat3 and Mgat5 responsible for surface glycosylation and employed components of the Wnt signaling pathway Wnt2B and Wnt9B. In addition, the calix[4]arene‑based GC reduced cell colony formation; this was accompanied by the downregulation of the metalloproteinase Mmp3. By contrast, the dendrimer‑based GC affected the expression of the glucose transporter components Sglt1 and Egfr1. Therefore, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to reveal that N‑acetyl‑D‑glucosamine‑dendrimer/calix[4]arene GCs alter mRNA expression in a comprehensive way, resulting in the reduced malignant phenotype of the colon cancer cell line HT‑29.

• Klíčová slova
• N-acetyl-glucosaminyl-transferase, WNT, colon cancer cell, glycosylation, polyamidoamine dendrimer, calix[4]arene,
• MeSH
• apoptóza genetika   MeSH
• buňky HT-29 MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• glykokonjugáty farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekuly buněčné adheze genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádorové kmenové buňky účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory tračníku genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• proliferace buněk MeSH
• proteiny usnadňující transport glukosy genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů účinky léků   MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• testy nádorových kmenových buněk MeSH
• transkriptom MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glukosa MeSH
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• molekuly buněčné adheze MeSH
• proteiny usnadňující transport glukosy MeSH

Francisella tularensis, an intracellular pathogen causing the disease tularemia, utilizes surface glycoconjugates such as lipopolysaccharide, capsule, and capsule-like complex for its protection against inhospitable conditions of the environment. Francisella species also possess a functional glycosylation apparatus by which specific proteins are O-glycosidically modified. We here created a mutant with a nonfunctional FTS_1402 gene encoding for a putative glycan flippase and studied the consequences of its disruption. The mutant strain expressed diminished glycosylation similarly to, but to a lesser extent than, that of the oligosaccharyltransferase-deficient ΔpglA mutant. In contrast to ΔpglA, inactivation of FTS_1402 had a pleiotropic effect, leading to alteration in glycosylation and, importantly, to decrease in lipopolysaccharide, capsule, and/or capsule-like complex production, which were reflected by distinct phenotypes in host-pathogen associated properties and virulence potential of the two mutant strains. Disruption of FTS_1402 resulted in enhanced sensitivity to complement-mediated lysis and reduced virulence in mice that was independent of diminished glycosylation. Importantly, the mutant strain induced a protective immune response against systemic challenge with homologous wild-type FSC200 strain. Targeted disruption of genes shared by multiple metabolic pathways may be considered a novel strategy for constructing effective live, attenuated vaccines.

• Klíčová slova
• ABC transporter, Francisella tularensis, capsule, glycosylation, lipopolysaccharide,
• MeSH
• ABC transportéry genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• Francisella tularensis genetika   metabolismus   patogenita   MeSH
• genetická pleiotropie MeSH
• glykokonjugáty biosyntéza   MeSH
• glykosylace MeSH
• hexosyltransferasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a patogenu MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy biosyntéza   MeSH
• membránové proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• tularemie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• umlčování genů MeSH
• virulence genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ABC transportéry MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide - protein glycotransferase MeSH Prohlížeč
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• hexosyltransferasy MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• membránové proteiny MeSH

The expression and properties of mouse embryonic antigens, recognized by monoclonal antibody TEC-02, were analyzed in teratocarcinoma-derived cell lines. TEC-2 antigens were found in the majority of the parietal endoderm cells PYS-2 and in a fraction of cultured embryonal carcinoma cells but not in other cell lines tested. During the course of retinoic acid-induced differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells F9, the expression of TEC-2 was transiently increased. Immunolabeling of extracts from F9 and PYS-2 cells separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that TEC-2 antigens are polydisperse glycoconjugates of high molecular weight (mostly greater than 100,000). The TEC-2 epitope was shown to be carbohydrate which in F9 cells might be attached to the same carrier as another developmentally regulated carbohydrate epitope TEC-1. The TEC-2 antigens, isolated by indirect immunoprecipitation, were degraded by extensive pronase digestion or mild alkaline treatment to mostly large products. Immunostaining of glycolipid standards suggested that TEC-2 epitope involves the GalNAc beta 1----4Gal beta 1----4R sequence. Combined data indicate that TEC-2 is a new developmentally regulated carbohydrate epitope carried in embryonal carcinoma cells predominantly on glycoprotein-bound large carbohydrates.

• MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• detergenty farmakologie   MeSH
• epitopy analýza   imunologie   MeSH
• gelová chromatografie MeSH
• glykokonjugáty imunologie   MeSH
• karcinoembryonální antigen imunologie   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• molekulová hmotnost MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky imunologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• precipitinové testy MeSH
• sacharidy imunologie   MeSH
• specificita protilátek MeSH
• teratom imunologie   MeSH
• tretinoin farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• detergenty MeSH
• epitopy MeSH
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• karcinoembryonální antigen MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky MeSH
• sacharidy MeSH
• tretinoin MeSH

Binding of promastigotes to the sand fly midgut epithelium is regarded as an essential part of the Leishmania life cycle in the vector. Among Leishmania surface molecules putatively involved in attachment to the sand fly midgut, two GPI-anchored molecules are the most prominent: lipophosphoglycan (LPG) and promastigote surface protease gp63. In this work, we examined midgut attachment of Leishmania lines mutated in GPI-anchored molecules and compared results from 2 different techniques: in vivo development in sand flies and in vitro competitive binding assays using fluorescently labelled parasites. In combination with previous studies, our data provide additional support for (1) an LPG-independent parasite-binding mechanism of Leishmania major within the midgut of the permissive vector Phlebotomus perniciosus, and provide strong support for (2) the crucial role of L. major LPG in specific vector Phlebotomus papatasi, and (3) a role for Leishmania amazonensis gp63 in Lutzomyia longipalpis midgut binding. Moreover, our results suggest a critical role for GPI-anchored proteins and gp63 in Leishmania mexicana attachment to L. longipalpis midguts, as the wild type (WT) line accounted for over 99% of bound parasites.

• MeSH
• galaktosyltransferasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• glykokonjugáty genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• glykosfingolipidy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• hmyz - vektory parazitologie   MeSH
• kompetitivní vazba MeSH
• Leishmania fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metaloendopeptidasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• Phlebotomus parazitologie   MeSH
• protozoální proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Psychodidae parazitologie   MeSH
• stadia vývoje MeSH
• trávicí systém parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• galaktosyltransferasy MeSH
• glycoprotein gp63, Leishmania MeSH Prohlížeč
• glykokonjugáty MeSH
• glykosfingolipidy MeSH
• lipophosphonoglycan MeSH Prohlížeč
• LPG1 protein, Leishmania MeSH Prohlížeč
• metaloendopeptidasy MeSH
• protozoální proteiny MeSH