• Klíčová slova
• MENOPAUSE *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza * MeSH
• předčasná menopauza * MeSH
• syndrom * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• LEUKORRHEA *, MENOPAUSE/complications *,
• MeSH
• leukorea * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Analysis of data from the representative "GGP - Contemporary Czech Family Survey" (2020-2022) on the population of women aged 40-69 years showed that the age of onset of menopause is associated with a low age at the birth of the first child. Women who had their first child before their 20th birthday, a pattern of reproductive behaviour common among generations of women before 1989, have an earlier onset of menopause than older first-time mothers. Conversely, the effect of higher age at first birth (35 years or more) on the delay of menopause has not been proved. However, this issue requires further investigation, as the sample analysed suggests certain tendencies. A larger sample size would be needed to make a conclusive finding.

• Klíčová slova
• menopause, age at menopause, age at first birth,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza * fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• věk matky MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

Declines in endothelial function can take place rapidly across the menopause transition, placing women at heightened risk for atherosclerosis. Disturbed patterns of conduit artery shear, characterized by greater oscillatory and retrograde shear, are associated with endothelial dysfunction but have yet to be described across menopause. Healthy women, who were not on hormone therapy or contraceptives, were classified into early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal, and early postmenopausal stage. Resting antegrade, retrograde, and oscillatory shear were calculated from blood velocity and diameter measured in the brachial and common femoral artery using Doppler ultrasound. Serum was collected for measurements of estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone. After adjusting for age, brachial artery oscillatory shear was significantly higher in early postmenopausal women (n = 15, 0.17 ± 0.08 a.u.) than both early (n = 12, 0.08 ± 0.05 a.u., P < 0.05) and late (n = 8, 0.08 ± 0.04 a.u) perimenopausal women, and retrograde shear was significantly greater in early postmenopausal versus early perimenopausal women (-19.47 ± 12.97 vs. -9.62 ± 6.11 sec-1 , both P < 0.05). Femoral artery oscillatory and retrograde shear were greater, respectively, in early postmenopausal women (n = 15, 0.19 ± 0.08 a.u.; -13.57 ± 5.82 sec-1 ) than early perimenopausal women (n = 14, 0.11 ± 0.08 a.u.; -8.13 ± 4.43 sec-1 , P < 0.05). Further, Pearson correlation analyses revealed significant associations between FSH and both retrograde and oscillatory shear, respectively, in the brachial (r = -0.40, P = 0.03; r = 0.43, P = 0.02) and common femoral artery (r = -0.45, P = 0.01; r = 0.56, P = 0.001). These results suggest menopause, and its associated changes in reproductive hormones, adversely influences conduit arterial shear rate patterns to greater oscillatory and retrograde shear rates.

• Klíčová slova
• Menopause transition, oscillatory shear, retrograde shear,
• MeSH
• arterie diagnostické zobrazování   fyziologie   MeSH
• cévní endotel fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• estradiol krev   MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luteinizační hormon krev   MeSH
• menopauza krev   fyziologie   MeSH
• reologie krve * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estradiol MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
• luteinizační hormon MeSH

BACKGROUND: Menopause symptoms and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are among the most common reasons patients seek gynecological advice. Although at least half of all women in developed countries will use HRT during their lifetime, the treatment is not without risk and guidance on HRT is mixed. Greater awareness of HRT risks from extended use has piqued interest in safer options. Menopause reversal with autologous ovarian platelet-rich plasma (OPRP) has brought this restorative approach forward for consideration, but appropriateness and cost-effectiveness require examination. METHODS: HRT and OPRP data from USA were projected to compare cumulative 1yr patient costs using stochastic Monte Carlo modeling. RESULTS: Mean ± SD cost-to-patient for HRT including initial consult plus pharmacy refills was estimated at about $576 ± 246/yr. While OPRP included no pharmacy component, an estimated 4 visits over 1yr for OPRP maintenance entailed ultrasound, phlebotomy/sample processing, surgery equipment, and incubation/laboratory expense, yielding mean ± SD cost for OPRP at $8,710 ± 4,911/yr ( P < 0.0001 vs. HRT, by T-test). Upper-bound estimates for annual HRT and OPRP costs were $1,341 and $22,232, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: While HRT and OPRP may have similar efficacy and safety for menopause therapy, they diverge sharply in cost-effectiveness. Most patients would likely find OPRP too complex, invasive, and expensive to be competitive vs. HRT. Although OPRP is an interesting and cautiously useful technique for selected menopause patients reluctant to use HRT, repurposing this infertility treatment for wider use appears inefficient compared to standard HRT options that are currently marketed.

• Klíčová slova
• alternative therapy, health spending, menopause, platelet-rich plasma,
• MeSH
• autologní transplantace MeSH
• estrogenní substituční terapie MeSH
• hormonální substituční terapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza * MeSH
• ovarium MeSH
• plazma bohatá na destičky * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of iatrogenic menopause on the physiology of the vagina of the ewe and to evaluate if vaginal changes in ewes can be translated to women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). METHODS: Preclinical research with Dohne Merino ewes. Iatrogenic menopause was induced by bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). Animals were randomized for surgery, blinded for allocation and outcome assessment. Differences between groups were determined by linear regression analyses at 5 months after OVX. Outcome measures were vaginal epithelial thickness, pH, vaginal maturation value, vaginal maturation index, epithelial glycogen accumulation, content of elastin fibers, collagen, and vascularity. RESULTS: OVX ewes (n = 20) showed epithelial thinning of the vaginal wall from 146 μm to 47 μm (mean, P < 0.001). Furthermore, epithelial glycogen accumulation and vascularity of the vaginal wall significantly decreased (43% and 23%, respectively) as compared with the control group (no intervention; n = 5). No significant differences were found for other outcome measures. CONCLUSION: This study established the ewe as a suitable large animal model for GSM. Furthermore, the similar relevant outcomes in humans and ewes hold great value for future translational research for the evaluation and optimization of different treatment modalities for GSM.

• Klíčová slova
• atrophy, ewe, genitourinary syndrome of menopause, model, ovariectomy,
• MeSH
• glykogen MeSH
• iatrogenní nemoci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza * MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• ovarektomie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• ovce MeSH
• vagina * chirurgie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glykogen MeSH

Over two thirds of all individuals who develop multiple sclerosis (MS) will be women prior to the age of menopause. Further, an estimated 30% of the current MS population consists of peri- or postmenopausal women. The presence of MS does not appear to influence age of menopausal onset. In clinical practice, symptoms of MS and menopause can frequently overlap, including disturbances in cognition, mood, sleep, and bladder function, which can create challenges in ascertaining the likely cause of symptoms to be treated. A holistic and comprehensive approach to address these common physical and psychological changes is often suggested to patients during menopause. Although some studies have suggested that women with MS experience reduced relapse rates and increased disability progression post menopause, the data are not consistent enough for firm conclusions to be drawn. Mechanisms through which postmenopausal women with MS may experience disability progression include neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration from age-associated phenomena such as immunosenescence and inflammaging. Additional effects are likely to result from reduced levels of estrogen, which affects MS disease course. Following early retrospective studies of women with MS receiving steroid hormones, more recent interventional trials of exogenous hormone use, albeit as oral contraceptive, have provided some indications of potential benefit on MS outcomes. This review summarizes current research on the effects of menopause in women with MS, including the psychological impact and symptoms of menopause on disease worsening, and the treatment options. Finally, we highlight the need for more inclusion of MS patients from underrepresented racial and geographic groups in clinical trials, including among menopausal women.

• Klíčová slova
• best practices, cognition, fatigue, hormone therapy, menopause, multiple sclerosis,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• HISTOLOGICAL TECHNICS *, MENOPAUSE *, OVARY *,
• MeSH
• histologické techniky * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza * MeSH
• ovarium * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Menopause hormone therapy (MHT) is the most efficient treatment for symptoms of acute climacteric syndrome and for efficient prevention of long-term estrogen deficiency. Vaginal administration of low doses of estrogen is a therapy of choice for treatment and prevention of urogenital atrophy and its consequences. Systemic treatment may include estrogen, but an equally efficient alternative is tibolone. Nonhormonal therapy relies on phytoestrogens, black cohosh extract, and serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

• Klíčová slova
• atrophic vaginitis, bazedoxifene, climacteric syndrome, menopause hormone therapy, phytoestrogens, tibolone,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Leptin a cytokine protein secreted by adipose tissue raises considerable interest as a potential mediator of the protective effects of fat mass on bone tissue. After menopause heavier women conserve bone mass better than those with lower body weight. The protective effect of obesity on bone mass has been ascribed to a high body fat content. As Leptin levels reflect the body fat content it has emerged as a possible mediator of these protective effects. METHODS: A search of the available literature focused on the role of leptin on bone tissue. RESULTS: Both peripheral and central action of leptin on bone metabolism have been proposed. In vitro and in vivo evidence supports the hypothesis that leptin can act directly or indirectly on bone remodelling by modulating both osteoblast and osteoclast activities. However, studies in humans have not yet been able to confirm these actions possibly because of the shifting balance between stimulatory direct action and suppressive indirect action of leptin on bones via the hypothalamus. The effects of oestrogen decline and deficiency during natural or artificially induced menopause and administration of hormone replacement therapy has on leptin production remains controversial. Various studies have shown differences in leptin values in pre- and postmenopausal women. The existing clinical data on this issue are discordant. CONCLUSION: Larger clinical studies are necessary to clarify leptin's role in vivo and to assess the contribution of the central and peripheral role of leptin in the overall maintenance of bone turnover in human beings.

• MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň metabolismus   MeSH
• leptin metabolismus   fyziologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obezita metabolismus   MeSH
• postmenopauza metabolismus   MeSH
• postmenopauzální osteoporóza farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• leptin MeSH