Anaerobic microorganisms (anaerobes) possess a fascinating metabolic versatility. This characteristic makes anaerobes interesting candidates for physiological studies and utilizable as microbial cell factories. To investigate the physiological characteristics of an anaerobic microbial population, yield, productivity, specific growth rate, biomass production, substrate uptake, and product formation are regarded as essential variables. The determination of those variables in distinct cultivation systems may be achieved by using different techniques for sampling, measuring of growth, substrate uptake, and product formation kinetics. In this review, a comprehensive overview of methods is presented, and the applicability is discussed in the frame of anaerobic microbiology and biotechnology.
The removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas by microaeration was studied in Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors treating synthetic brewery wastewater. A fully anaerobic UASB reactor served as a control while air was dosed into a microaerobic UASB reactor (UMSB). After a year of operation, sulfur balance was described in both reactors. In UASB, sulfur was mainly presented in the effluent as sulfide (49%) and in biogas as hydrogen sulfide (34%). In UMSB, 74% of sulfur was detected in the effluent (41% being sulfide and 33% being elemental sulfur), 10% accumulated in headspace as elemental sulfur and 9% escaped in biogas as hydrogen sulfide. The efficiency of hydrogen sulfide removal in UMSB was on average 73%. Microaeration did not cause any decrease in COD removal or methanogenic activity in UMSB and the elemental sulfur produced by microaeration did not accumulate in granular sludge.
- MeSH
- anaerobní bakterie fyziologie MeSH
- analýza selhání vybavení MeSH
- bioreaktory mikrobiologie MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- čištění vody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- methan metabolismus MeSH
- odpadní voda mikrobiologie MeSH
- odpadní vody mikrobiologie MeSH
- sulfan izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- anaerobióza fyziologie MeSH
- anaerobní bakterie fyziologie MeSH
- mikrobiologie trendy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- úvodní články MeSH
- úvodníky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Rakousko MeSH
A brief report on the development of novel apparatus is presented. It was verified in a commercial scale that a new concept of anaerobic fermentation followed by continuous pyrolysis is technically and economically feasible to manage previously enzymatically hydrolyzed waste haylage in huge volumes. The design of the concept is thoroughly described, documented in figures, and biochemically analyzed in detail. Assessment of the concept shows that subsequent pyrolysis of the anaerobically fermented residue allows among biogas to produce also high-quality biochar. This significantly improves the overall economy. In addition, it may be assumed that this applied research is consistent with previous theoretical assumptions stating that any kind of aerobic or anaerobic fermentation increases the microporosity of the biochar obtained.
- MeSH
- anaerobní bakterie fyziologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- gramnegativní anaerobní bakterie imunologie MeSH
- grampozitivní bakterie imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Salmonella enterica izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- Shigella sonnei izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- aerobní bakterie fyziologie patogenita účinky léků MeSH
- anaerobní bakterie fyziologie patogenita účinky léků MeSH
- Crohnova nemoc dějiny genetika mikrobiologie MeSH
- idiopatické střevní záněty etiologie genetika mikrobiologie MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- ulcerózní kolitida etiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
