A series of triterpenoids of the lupane, taraxastane, friedelane and baccharane type were oxidized using selenium dioxide (SeO2) and benzeneseleninic anhydride (BSA) under various conditions. Depending on the reaction conditions, different reaction pathways were observed, including dehydrogenation, allylic oxidation, and 1,2-diketone formation. In this way, derivatives functionalized in the triterpene core (especially in rings A, D, and E), difficult to obtain by other methods, can be easily prepared. In some cases, rarely observed α-phenylseleno-ketones were isolated. An unexpected reaction involving the cleavage of the carbon-carbon double bond was observed in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of osmium tetroxide. Further transformations of selected intermediates facilitated the synthesis of new, functionally enriched derivatives. The key reaction pathways were investigated using density functional theory (DFT), focusing on bond length variations and transition states, revealing energetically favored pathways and critical transition structures, including covalent and noncovalent interactions. Solvent and isomerization equilibrium effects were proposed to explain the experimentally observed discrepancies. Cytotoxic activity of selected derivatives was investigated. Derivatives 4 and 38 showed strongest cytotoxicity in cancer cells and fibroblasts (IC50 2.6-26.4 μM); some compounds were selective for G-361 or HeLa cells. These results suggest that they may find application in pharmaceuticals.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- pentacyklické triterpeny MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- protinádorové látky * farmakologie chemie chemická syntéza MeSH
- screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
- selen * chemie MeSH
- teorie funkcionálu hustoty MeSH
- triterpeny * chemie farmakologie chemická syntéza MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Microbial selenium (Se) supplementation is an essential area of biotechnological research due to differences in the bioavailability and toxicity of different forms of selenium. To date, research has focused mainly on the use of selenized yeast. However, in recent years, scientific interest has also increased in other microorganisms, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which have several unique properties that can affect the quality and bioavailability of selenium. LAB, unlike yeast, can also act as probiotics, which may bring additional health benefits related to improving the intestinal microbiota and supporting the health of the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: This study investigates the in vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Se from two lactic acid bacterial strains, Streptococcus thermophilus CCDM 144 and Enterococcus faecium CCDM 922 A. We evaluated Se accumulation, speciation, and stability during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and Se permeation through a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. RESULTS: Both strains accumulated Se, metabolizing it predominantly into selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs, 64-77 % of total Se), with only a minor fraction (<5 % of total Se) of organic Se species. Experiments revealed that while organic Se species had high bioavailability (up to 90 %), their bioaccessibility during digestion was very low (<0.1 % of total Se). In contrast, SeNPs showed high bioaccessibility (∼90 %) and moderate transport efficiency through the intestinal model (16-19 % after 4 hours). CONCLUSION: These results highlight the potential of SeNPs produced by lactic acid bacteria as a bioaccessible form of Se for dietary supplementation. Further research is required to explore the behavior of SeNPs within the human body to fully understand how they can be used safely and effectively in nutrition or other applications.
- MeSH
- biologická dostupnost * MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- funkce střevní bariéry MeSH
- Lactobacillales metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- permeabilita MeSH
- selen * metabolismus MeSH
- Streptococcus thermophilus metabolismus MeSH
- trávení MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Despite currently used intravesical therapies in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), the rate of intravesical recurrence remains very high. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of adding nonintravesical interventions to standard intravesical therapies to prevent intravesical recurrence. In April 2024, 3 databases were queried for prospective studies evaluating nonintravesical interventions in addition to standard intravesical therapies for NMIBC (CRD42024490988). The primary outcome was intravesical recurrence-free survival (iRFS). Standard pairwise meta-analyses were performed using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) with a random-effects model. We identified 18 eligible studies (14 RCTs and 4 prospective trials) comprising 4,593 NMIBC patients, which investigated pharmacological interventions (eg, selenium, vitamins, Lactobacillus casei, celecoxib, metformin, mistletoe lectin) and lifestyle modifications (diet). The addition of Lactobacillus casei significantly improved iRFS (HR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.34-0.73; P < .001). A high western diet pattern significantly worsened iRFS (HR:1.48, 95%CI:1.06-2.06, P = .03). The other nonintravesical interventions were not associated with iRFS. Our comprehensive review of the published literature highlights the need for further research into the efficacy of nonvesical interventions for NMIBC. While Lactobacillus was shown to improve iRFS in 2 RCTs, additional high-quality randomized studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of other interventions.
- MeSH
- aplikace intravezikální MeSH
- celekoxib aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- Lactobacillus casei MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- metformin terapeutické užití aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře * patologie farmakoterapie MeSH
- probiotika aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- selen aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- vitaminy aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Nanoparticles have drawn significant interest in a range of applications, ranging from biomedical to environmental sciences, due to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics. In this study, it was reported that simple biological production of Ag, Se, and bimetallic Ag2Se nanoparticles (NPs) with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a promising, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method. For the first time in the scientific literature, Ag2Se nanoparticles have been generated via green bacterial biosynthesis. UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and EDX were used to characterize the produced NPs. Biosynthesized NPs were examined for antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic properties, and it was determined that the effects of NPs were dose dependent. The biosynthesized AgNPs, SeNPs, and Ag2Se NPs showed anti-microbial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of E. coli and S. aureus were between 150 and 250 μg/mL. The NPs showed antibiofilm activity against E. coli and S. aureus at sub-MIC levels and reduced biofilm formation by at least 80% at a concentration of 200 μg/mL of each NPs. To photocatalyze the breakdown of Congo red, Ag, Se, and Ag2Se NPs were utilized, and their photocatalytic activity was tested at various concentrations and intervals. A minor decrease of photocatalytic degradation was detected throughout the NPs reuse operation (five cycles). Based on the encouraging findings, the synthesized NPs demonstrated antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic properties, suggesting that they might be used in pharmaceutical, medical, environmental, and other applications.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie chemická syntéza MeSH
- biofilmy * účinky léků MeSH
- Escherichia coli * účinky léků MeSH
- katalýza MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti * MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa * účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- selen chemie farmakologie MeSH
- sloučeniny stříbra chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus * účinky léků MeSH
- stříbro * chemie farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
In this study, we tested the ability of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains to accumulate and biotransform sodium selenite into various selenium species, including selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). Selenium tolerance and cytotoxicity of selenized strains towards human adenocarcinoma Caco-2 and HT29 cells were determined for all tested strains. Furthermore, the influence of selenium enrichment on the antioxidant activity of selenized strains and hydrophobicity of the bacterial cell surfaces were evaluated. Both hydrophobicity and antioxidant activity increased significantly in the selenized L. paracasei strain and decreased significantly in the selenized L. helveticus strain. The concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L Na2SeO3 in the growth media were safer for Caco-2 and HT29 cell growth than higher concentrations. At higher concentrations (30, 50, and 100 mg/L), the cell viability was reduced. All the tested strains showed differences in antioxidant potential and hydrophobicity after selenium enrichment. In addition to selenocystine and selenomethionine, the tested bacterial strains produced significant amounts of SeNPs. Our results show that the tested bacterial strains can accumulate and biotransform inorganic selenium, which allows them to become a potential source of selenium.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- Lactobacillus metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- selen * metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Yeasts have the remarkable capability to transform and integrate inorganic selenium into their cellular structures, thereby enhancing its bioavailability and reducing its toxicity. In recent years, yeasts have attracted attention as potential alternative sources of protein. METHODS: This study explores the selenium accumulation potential of two less explored yeast strains, namely the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CCDM 2020 and Pichia fermentas CCDM 2012, in comparison to the extensively studied Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCDM 272. Our investigation encompassed diverse stress conditions. Subsequently, the selenized yeasts were subjected to an INFOGEST gastrointestinal model. The adherence and hydrophobicity were determined with undigested cells RESULTS: Stress conditions had an important role in influencing the quantity and size of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) generated by the tested yeasts. Remarkably, SeMet synthesis was limited to Pichia fermentas CCDM 2012 and S. boulardii CCDM 2020, with S. cerevisiae CCDM 272 not displaying SeMet production at all. Throughout the simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the most substantial release of SeCys2, SeMet, and SeNPs from the selenized yeasts occurred during the intestinal phase. Notably, exception was found in strain CCDM 272, where the majority of particles were released during the oral phase. CONCLUSION: The utilization of both traditional and non-traditional selenized yeast types, harnessed for their noted functional attributes, holds potential for expanding the range of products available while enhancing their nutritional value and health benefits.
This work describes the intricacies of the determination of the trimethylselenonium ion (TMSe) in human urine via high-performance liquid chromatography-hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS). By definition, this technique requires that the separated TMSe can be online converted into a volatile compound. Literature data for the determination of TMSe via the hydride generation technique are contradictory; i.e., some authors claim that direct formation of volatile compounds is possible under reduction with NaBH4, whereas others reported that a digestion step is mandatory prior to conversion. We studied and optimized the conditions for online conversion by varying the mobile phase composition (pyridine, phosphate, and acetate), testing different reaction coils, and optimizing the hydride generation conditions, although technically no hydride (H2Se) is formed but a dimethylselenide (DMSe). The optimized conditions were used for the analysis of 64 urine samples of 16 (unexposed) volunteers and the determination of low amounts of TMSe (LOD = 0.2 ng mL-1). Total (specific gravity-corrected) selenium concentrations in the urine samples ranged from 7.9 ± 0.7 to 29.7 ± 5.0 ng mL-1 for individual volunteers. Four volunteers were characterized as TMSe producers (hINMT genotype GA) and 12 were non-producers (hINMT genotype GG). Urine of TMSe producers contained 2.5 ± 1.7 ng mL-1 of TMSe, compared to 0.2 ± 0.2 ng mL-1 for non-producers.
- MeSH
- fluorescenční spektrometrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- selen * moč MeSH
- sloučeniny selenu * MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Pleurotus ostreatus was cultivated on a commercially available wheat straw substrate enriched with Zn and Se. Various amounts of Zn (10, 50, and 100 mg) and Se (1, 5, and 10 mg) in suitable forms ((CH3COO)2Zn·2H2O, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, and Na2SeO3·5H2O, respectively) were dissolved in 50 ml of deionized water and homogenously nebulized into the substrate block of 2.4 kg weight. The increase in the Zn content in fruiting bodies cultivated on the enriched substrate was relatively low compared with fruiting bodies cultivated on the substrate with no addition at the first flush. The application of different Zn compounds (acetate vs. nitrate) gave similar results. However, the addition of 1 mg of Se into the cultivation substrate block increased the content of Se in fruiting bodies to about 3-6 mg/kg dry matter. This content was one order of magnitude higher compared with the Se content in fruiting bodies harvested from the substrate with no Se addition (< 0.12-0.58 mg/kg dry matter). In the case of the addition of 5 mg of Se, there was a further significant increase in the content of this element to about 40-60 mg/kg dry matter.
- MeSH
- adaptivní imunita MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- funkční potraviny MeSH
- imunomodulační látky * terapeutické užití MeSH
- infekce dýchací soustavy terapie MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Pleurotus * MeSH
- reinfekce terapie MeSH
- selen terapeutické užití MeSH
- vyvíjení léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
Metabolický syndrom (MetS) je symptomatický komplex charakterizovaný inzulinovou rezistencí, poruchou prooxidačně-antioxidační rovnováhy organismu s rozvojem subchronického zánětu a dyslipidemií. Cílem studie je prozkoumat vlivkomplexní farmaceutické kompozice (CPC) (antioxidanty a metabolitotropní látky), která se v lékařské praxi na Ukrajině široce používá jako multivitaminový komplex, na experimentální metabolický syndrom u potkanů. Byl hodnocen vliv CPC na korekci experimentálního MetS u potkanů, vyvolaného vysokým obsahem sacharidů a tuků ve stravě. MetS u potkanů byl charakterizován snížením citlivosti buněk na inzulin, zvýšeným obsahem glukózy a porušením její utilizace, a prooxidačně-antioxidační dysbalancí. Výsledky provedených studií naznačují pozitivní vliv CPC, který obsahuje etylestery omega-3 kyselin, vitamin E, koenzym Q10, zinek, vitamin A, biotin a selen, na citlivost buněk k inzulinu, utilizaci glukózy, trvání hyperglykémie a ukazatele oxidačních procesů volných radikálů a antioxidačníchobranných systémů u potkanů s experimentálním MetS. Tyto výsledky dokazují možnost využití CPC k korekci metabolického syndromu.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a symptomatic complex characterized by insulin resistance, impaired prooxidant-antioxidantbalance of the body with the development of subchronic inflammation, and dyslipidemia. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of a complex pharmaceutical composition (CPC) (antioxidants and metabolitotropic agents), which is widely used in medical practice in Ukraine as a multivitamin complex, on experimental metabolic syndrome in rats. The effectof CPC on the correction of experimental MetS in rats, induced by a high content of carbohydrates and fats in the diet, was assessed. MetS in rats was characterized by a decrease in the sensitivity of cells to insulin, increased glucose content, and aviolation of its utilization, prooxidant-antioxidant disbalance. The results of the conducted studies indicate the positive effect of CPC, which contains ethyl esters of omega-3 acids, vitamin E, coenzyme Q10, zinc, vitamin A, biotin, and selenium, on the sensitivity of cells to insulin, glucose utilization, duration of hyperglycemia and indicators of free radical oxidation processes and antioxidant defense systems in rats with experimental MetS. These results prove the feasibility of using CPC to correct metabolic syndrome.
- Klíčová slova
- citlivost buněk na inzulin,
- MeSH
- biotin farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- hyperglykemie farmakoterapie MeSH
- metabolický syndrom * farmakoterapie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- potravní doplňky * MeSH
- selen farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- vitamin A farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- vitamin E farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zinek farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
