BACKGROUND: Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) with one-way endobronchial valves (EBV) has better outcomes when the target lobe has poor collateral ventilation, resulting in complete lobe atelectasis. High-inspired oxygen fraction (FIO2) promotes atelectasis through faster gas absorption after airway occlusion, but its application during BLVR with EBV has been poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the real-time effects of FIO2 on regional lung volumes and regional ventilation/perfusion by electrical impedance tomography (EIT) during BLVR with EBV. METHODS: Six piglets were submitted to left lower lobe occlusion by a balloon-catheter and EBV valves with FIO2 0.5 and 1.0. Regional end-expiratory lung impedances (EELI) and regional ventilation/perfusion were monitored. Local pocket pressure measurements were obtained (balloon occlusion method). One animal underwent simultaneous acquisitions of computed tomography (CT) and EIT. Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were right and left hemithoraces. RESULTS: Following balloon occlusion, a steep decrease in left ROI-EELI with FIO2 1.0 occurred, 3-fold greater than with 0.5 (p < 0.001). Higher FIO2 also enhanced the final volume reduction (ROI-EELI) achieved by each valve (p < 0.01). CT analysis confirmed the denser atelectasis and greater volume reduction achieved by higher FIO2 (1.0) during balloon occlusion or during valve placement. CT and pocket pressure data agreed well with EIT findings, indicating greater strain redistribution with higher FIO2. CONCLUSIONS: EIT demonstrated in real-time a faster and more complete volume reduction in the occluded lung regions under high FIO2 (1.0), as compared to 0.5. Immediate changes in the ventilation and perfusion of ipsilateral non-target lung regions were also detected, providing better estimates of the full impact of each valve in place. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.

• Klíčová slova
• Absorption atelectasis, Electrical impedance tomography, Emphysema, Endobronchial valves, Lung volume reduction,
• MeSH
• atelektáza diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   MeSH
• bronchoskopie * metody   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• elektrická impedance * MeSH
• měření objemu plic metody   MeSH
• plíce diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   chirurgie   fyziologie   MeSH
• pneumektomie metody   MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• tomografie metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Obesity is a significant problem worldwide. Several serious diseases that decrease patient quality of life and increase mortality (high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, type 2 diabetes etc.) are associated with obesity. Obesity treatment is a multidisciplinary and complex process that requires maximum patient compliance. Change of lifestyle is fundamental in the treatment of obesity. While pharmacotherapeutic options are available, their efficacy is limited. Surgical treatment though highly effective, carries the risk of complications and is thus indicated mostly in advanced stages of obesity. Endoscopic treatments of obesity are less invasive than surgical options, and are associated with fewer complications and nutritional deficits. Currently, there is a large spectrum of endoscopic methods based on the principles of gastric volume reduction, size restriction and gastric or small bowel bypass being explored with only few available in routine practice. The aim of this publication is to present an up-to-date summary of available endoscopic methods for the treatment of obesity focusing on their efficacy, safety and nutritional aspects.

• Klíčová slova
• deficience, endoscopic bariatric and metabolic treatments (EBMTs), nutrition, obesity, weight loss,
• MeSH
• bariatrická chirurgie metody   MeSH
• endoskopie trávicího systému metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nutriční stav * MeSH
• obezita patofyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the three leading causes of death worldwide. If the feature of the disease is dominated by emphysema, we speak of an emphysematic phenotype. Interventional treatment is a standard part of the management of patients with the emphysematic phenotype of COPD. Interventional methods are surgical and endoscopic. An important point in the indication of these methods is the correct selection of profitable patients. In addition to the correct execution of the individual procedure, periprocedural management, anticipation, and optimal handling of complications in the field of severe functional disability have an important effect on the care results.

• Klíčová slova
• COPD, Emphysema, Lung transplantation, endoscopic volume reduction, lung volume reduction surgery, volume reduction,
• MeSH
• chronická obstrukční plicní nemoc * komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• emfyzém * komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plicní emfyzém * chirurgie   etiologie   MeSH
• pneumektomie škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• ANGIOGRAPHY *, ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA *, BLOOD CIRCULATION *, BRONCHIAL ARTERIES *, DOGS *, EXPERIMENTAL LAB STUDY *, FEMORAL ARTERY *, PNEUMONECTOMY *, PULMONARY CIRCULATION *,
• MeSH
• angiografie * MeSH
• arteria femoralis * MeSH
• arteriae bronchiales * MeSH
• arteriovenózní píštěl * MeSH
• krevní oběh * MeSH
• plicní oběh * MeSH
• pneumektomie * MeSH
• psi MeSH
• výzkum * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• audiovizuální záznam * MeSH
• endoskopie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pneumektomie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• úvodníky MeSH

The first reports of thoracoscopic video-assisted procedures are from 1993. The main reason for this new techniques was that they allow the performance of standard thoracic surgical procedures in a less invasive ways. The operation trauma is minimalised that could be a cause not only of postoperative pain but often also of chronic future problems. The other advantages are the shortened hospitalisation time and earlier end of disablement. On the other hand there are many objective arguments against here. Firstly, the operative technique is not standardised and thoracoscopic lobectomy and pneumonectomy are performed by many modified methods. No regular randomised studies are available that could confirm the positive contribution of thoracoscopy in these cases. It is possible to perform classic thoracotomy by very careful way saving muscles and contemporary observing the requirement of safe operation and to attain the maximally possible result. Resuming information from written and verbal reports in last 3 years we have necessary the impression that the main reason for thoracoscopic reactions was to demonstrate the technical feasibility of this operation which is entirely insufficient reason for acceptance of this technique. Authors suggest that thoracoscopy is in experienced hands and adequately equipped workplaces an accurate and safe method for the diagnosis and in some cases also for therapy of hemodynamic stabile patients with thoracic trauma.

• MeSH
• audiovizuální záznam * MeSH
• endoskopie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pneumektomie * MeSH
• torakoskopie * MeSH
• torakotomie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• audiovizuální záznam * MeSH
• endoskopie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pneumektomie metody   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace * MeSH
• torakoskopie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• komentáře MeSH

The authors bring their first experience with a purely endoscopic anatomical lung resection - lobectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy. At the department of surgery, Liberec Hospital, we have, so far, done 5 operations using this new technique. Once left superior lobectomy and 4 left inferior lobectomies were carried out. We describe the procedures and surgical tactics in thoracoscopic operations using modern staplers and haemoclips. The aim was to compare the results and benefits of purely endoscopic versus "classical" operations and to dismantle the myth of the extreme finacial intensiveness of this procedure.

• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory plic chirurgie   MeSH
• pneumektomie metody   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• torakoskopie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• PNEUMONECTOMY/complications *,
• MeSH
• infarkt * MeSH
• pneumektomie komplikace   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• PNEUMONECTOMY/complications *,
• MeSH
• pneumektomie komplikace   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH