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Synchronization and desynchronization in epilepsy: controversies and hypotheses
Premysl Jiruska, Marco de Curtis, John G. R. Jefferys, Catherine A. Schevon, Steven J. Schiff, Kaspar Schindler
Language English Country England, Great Britain
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
Grant support
NT11460
MZ0
CEP Register
Digital library NLK
Full text - Část
Source
NLK
Free Medical Journals
from 1878 to 1 year ago
PubMed Central
from 1878 to 1 year ago
Wiley Free Content
from 1997 to 1 year ago
- MeSH
- Electroencephalography Phase Synchronization MeSH
- Epilepsy physiopathology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neurons physiology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Epilepsy has been historically seen as a functional brain disorder associated with excessive synchronization of large neuronal populations leading to a hypersynchronous state. Recent evidence showed that epileptiform phenomena, particularly seizures, result from complex interactions between neuronal networks characterized by heterogeneity of neuronal firing and dynamical evolution of synchronization. Desynchronization is often observed preceding seizures or during their early stages; in contrast, high levels of synchronization observed towards the end of seizures may facilitate termination. In this review we discuss cellular and network mechanisms responsible for such complex changes in synchronization. Recent work has identified cell-type-specific inhibitory and excitatory interactions, the dichotomy between neuronal firing and the non-local measurement of local field potentials distant to that firing, and the reflection of the neuronal dark matter problem in non-firing neurons active in seizures. These recent advances have challenged long-established views and are leading to a more rigorous and realistic understanding of the pathophysiology of epilepsy.
Department of Neurology Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a Jiruška, Přemysl, $u Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd School of Medicine, University Hospital Motol Prague, Czech Republic; Neuronal Networks Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. jiruskapremysl@gmail.com $d 1976- $7 xx0037786
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- $a Epilepsy has been historically seen as a functional brain disorder associated with excessive synchronization of large neuronal populations leading to a hypersynchronous state. Recent evidence showed that epileptiform phenomena, particularly seizures, result from complex interactions between neuronal networks characterized by heterogeneity of neuronal firing and dynamical evolution of synchronization. Desynchronization is often observed preceding seizures or during their early stages; in contrast, high levels of synchronization observed towards the end of seizures may facilitate termination. In this review we discuss cellular and network mechanisms responsible for such complex changes in synchronization. Recent work has identified cell-type-specific inhibitory and excitatory interactions, the dichotomy between neuronal firing and the non-local measurement of local field potentials distant to that firing, and the reflection of the neuronal dark matter problem in non-firing neurons active in seizures. These recent advances have challenged long-established views and are leading to a more rigorous and realistic understanding of the pathophysiology of epilepsy.
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