OBJECTIVES: Trace concentrations of the platinum group elements (PGE; Pt, Pd and Rh) are nowadays an irreplaceable part of environmental analysis and assessment. These rare elements are used as effective substances in automotive catalysts to reduce pollution by emissions originating from fuel combustion. Due to their harmful potential, it is necessary to monitor their content and behaviour in different samples. Effect assessment using ecotoxicological bioassays with organisms at different trophic levels can provide valuable pieces of information on the risk of chemical substances in the ecosystem. DESIGN: The experiments were carried out as described in the OECD Guideline 232 [CSN ISO 11267 - Soil quality - Inhibition of reproduction of Collembola (Folsomia candida) by soil pollutants]. The reproductive effects of palladium (PdCl2) and rhodium (RhCl3) were examined. Concentrations of PGE tested were as follows: 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 µmol.L-1. The EC50 (medium effective concentration) was determined after 28 days of exposure. Inhibition of reproduction of PGE-exposed collembolans was compared against controls. RESULTS: Values of 28dEC50 of PdCl2 and RhCl3 amounted to 21.0 µmol.L-1 and 266.22 µmol.L-1, respectively. We can confirm that the relative order of toxicities is Pd (II) > Pt(IV) > Rh(III). CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use Folsomia candida as an indicator species to assess the risk of soil contamination by palladium and rhodium. However, more toxicity data for various species are needed to evaluate the environmental risks of PGEs in soils.

Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game Fish and Bees Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno Czech Republic

000      

00000naa a2200000 a 4500

001      

bmc14063809

003      

CZ-PrNML

005      

20140707113240.0

007      

ta

008      

140704s2013 sw f 000 0|eng||

009      

AR

035    __

$a (PubMed)24362086

040    __

$a ABA008 $b cze $d ABA008 $e AACR2

041    0_

$a eng

044    __

$a sw

100    1_

$a Nemcova, Barbora $u Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic. nemcovab@vfu.cz.

245    10

$a Impact of platinum group elements on the soil invertebrate Folsomia candida / $c B. Nemcova, H. Mikulaskova, I. Bednarova, M. Beklova, J. Pikula,

520    9_

$a OBJECTIVES: Trace concentrations of the platinum group elements (PGE; Pt, Pd and Rh) are nowadays an irreplaceable part of environmental analysis and assessment. These rare elements are used as effective substances in automotive catalysts to reduce pollution by emissions originating from fuel combustion. Due to their harmful potential, it is necessary to monitor their content and behaviour in different samples. Effect assessment using ecotoxicological bioassays with organisms at different trophic levels can provide valuable pieces of information on the risk of chemical substances in the ecosystem. DESIGN: The experiments were carried out as described in the OECD Guideline 232 [CSN ISO 11267 - Soil quality - Inhibition of reproduction of Collembola (Folsomia candida) by soil pollutants]. The reproductive effects of palladium (PdCl2) and rhodium (RhCl3) were examined. Concentrations of PGE tested were as follows: 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 µmol.L-1. The EC50 (medium effective concentration) was determined after 28 days of exposure. Inhibition of reproduction of PGE-exposed collembolans was compared against controls. RESULTS: Values of 28dEC50 of PdCl2 and RhCl3 amounted to 21.0 µmol.L-1 and 266.22 µmol.L-1, respectively. We can confirm that the relative order of toxicities is Pd (II) > Pt(IV) > Rh(III). CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use Folsomia candida as an indicator species to assess the risk of soil contamination by palladium and rhodium. However, more toxicity data for various species are needed to evaluate the environmental risks of PGEs in soils.

650    _2

$a zvířata $7 D000818

650    _2

$a členovci $x účinky léků $x fyziologie $7 D001181

650    _2

$a monitorování životního prostředí $x metody $7 D004784

650    _2

$a palladium $x toxicita $7 D010165

650    _2

$a platina $x analýza $x toxicita $7 D010984

650    _2

$a rozmnožování $x účinky léků $7 D012098

650    _2

$a rhodium $x toxicita $7 D012238

650    _2

$a půda $x chemie $7 D012987

650    _2

$a látky znečišťující půdu $x analýza $x toxicita $7 D012989

655    _2

$a časopisecké články $7 D016428

655    _2

$a práce podpořená grantem $7 D013485

700    1_

$a Mikulaskova, Hana $u Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic.

700    1_

$a Bednarova, Ivana $u Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic.

700    1_

$a Beklova, Miroslava $u Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic.

700    1_

$a Pikula, Jiri $u Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic.

773    0_

$w MED00168352 $t Neuro endocrinology letters $x 0172-780X $g Roč. 34 Suppl 2, č. - (2013), s. 5-10

856    41

$u https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24362086 $y Pubmed

910    __

$a ABA008 $b sig $c sign $y a $z 0

990    __

$a 20140704 $b ABA008

991    __

$a 20140707113528 $b ABA008

999    __

$a ok $b bmc $g 1031293 $s 862541

BAS    __

$a 3

BAS    __

$a PreBMC

BMC    __

$a 2013 $b 34 Suppl 2 $c - $d 5-10 $i 0172-780X $m Neuro-endocrinology letters $n Neuro-endocrinol. lett. $x MED00168352

LZP    __

$a Pubmed-20140704