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Alemtuzumab CARE-MS I 5-year follow-up: Durable efficacy in the absence of continuous MS therapy

E. Havrdova, DL. Arnold, JA. Cohen, HP. Hartung, EJ. Fox, G. Giovannoni, S. Schippling, KW. Selmaj, A. Traboulsee, DAS. Compston, DH. Margolin, K. Thangavelu, CE. Rodriguez, D. Jody, RJ. Hogan, P. Xenopoulos, MA. Panzara, AJ. Coles, . ,

Havrdova, Eva
Author Havrdova, Eva From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA. eva.havrdova@lf1.cuni.cz
Arnold, Douglas L
Author Arnold, Douglas L From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Cohen, Jeffrey A
Author Cohen, Jeffrey A From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Hartung, Hans-Peter
Author Hartung, Hans-Peter From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Fox, Edward J
Author Fox, Edward J From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Giovannoni, Gavin
Author Giovannoni, Gavin From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Schippling, Sven
Author Schippling, Sven From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Selmaj, Krzysztof W
Author Selmaj, Krzysztof W From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Traboulsee, Anthony
Author Traboulsee, Anthony From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Compston, D Alastair S
Author Compston, D Alastair S From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Margolin, David H
Author Margolin, David H From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Thangavelu, Karthinathan
Author Thangavelu, Karthinathan From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Rodriguez, Claudio E
Author Rodriguez, Claudio E From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Jody, Darlene
Author Jody, Darlene From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Hogan, Richard J
Author Hogan, Richard J From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Xenopoulos, Panos
Author Xenopoulos, Panos From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Panzara, Michael A
Author Panzara, Michael A From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA
Coles, Alasdair J
Author Coles, Alasdair J

Neurology. 2017 ; 89 (11) : 1107-1116. [pub] 20170823

ISSN 1526-632X
Medvik
Source

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial

Persistent link https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc17030639

PubMed 28835401
DOI 10.1212/wnl.0000000000004313
Knihovny.cz E-resources

MeSH
Time Factors MeSH
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
Immunologic Factors adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
Humans MeSH
Brain diagnostic imaging drug effects MeSH
Follow-Up Studies MeSH
Disability Evaluation MeSH
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting diagnostic imaging drug therapy MeSH
Organ Size MeSH
Treatment Outcome MeSH
Check Tag
Humans MeSH
Publication type
Journal Article MeSH
Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 5-year efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in treatment-naive patients with active relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (CARE-MS I; NCT00530348). METHODS: Alemtuzumab-treated patients received treatment courses at baseline and 12 months later; after the core study, they could enter an extension (NCT00930553) with as-needed alemtuzumab retreatment for relapse or MRI activity. Assessments included annualized relapse rate (ARR), 6-month confirmed disability worsening (CDW; ≥1-point Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score increase [≥1.5 if baseline EDSS = 0]), 6-month confirmed disability improvement (CDI; ≥1-point EDSS decrease [baseline score ≥2.0]), no evidence of disease activity (NEDA), brain volume loss (BVL), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: Most alemtuzumab-treated patients (95.1%) completing CARE-MS I enrolled in the extension; 68.5% received no additional alemtuzumab treatment. ARR remained low in years 3, 4, and 5 (0.19, 0.14, and 0.15). Over years 0-5, 79.7% were free of 6-month CDW; 33.4% achieved 6-month CDI. Most patients (61.7%, 60.2%, and 62.4%) had NEDA in years 3, 4, and 5. Median yearly BVL improved over years 2-4, remaining low in year 5 (years 1-5: -0.59%, -0.25%, -0.19%, -0.15%, and -0.20%). Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of most AEs declined in the extension relative to the core study. Thyroid disorder incidences peaked at year 3 and subsequently declined. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, alemtuzumab provides durable efficacy through 5 years in the absence of continuous treatment, with most patients not receiving additional courses. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT00530348; NCT00930553. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that alemtuzumab durably improves efficacy outcomes and slows BVL in patients with RRMS.

Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Cambridge UK

Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Germany

Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Montréal Neurological Institute McGill University Québec Canada

Department of Neurology Medical University of Łódź Poland

Evidence Scientific Solutions Philadelphia PA M A P is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences Cambridge MA

Evidence Scientific Solutions Sydney NSW Australia

From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital Prague Czech Republic

Mellen Center Cleveland Clinic OH

MS Clinic of Central Texas Central Texas Neurology Consultants Round Rock

Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research Department of Neurology University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich Switzerland

NeuroRx Research Montréal

Queen Mary University of London Barts and The London School of Medicine UK

Sanofi Cambridge MA

The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

References provided by Crossref.org

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100 1_: $a Havrdova, Eva $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA. eva.havrdova@lf1.cuni.cz.

245 10: $a Alemtuzumab CARE-MS I 5-year follow-up: Durable efficacy in the absence of continuous MS therapy / $c E. Havrdova, DL. Arnold, JA. Cohen, HP. Hartung, EJ. Fox, G. Giovannoni, S. Schippling, KW. Selmaj, A. Traboulsee, DAS. Compston, DH. Margolin, K. Thangavelu, CE. Rodriguez, D. Jody, RJ. Hogan, P. Xenopoulos, MA. Panzara, AJ. Coles, . ,

520 9_: $a OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 5-year efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in treatment-naive patients with active relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (CARE-MS I; NCT00530348). METHODS: Alemtuzumab-treated patients received treatment courses at baseline and 12 months later; after the core study, they could enter an extension (NCT00930553) with as-needed alemtuzumab retreatment for relapse or MRI activity. Assessments included annualized relapse rate (ARR), 6-month confirmed disability worsening (CDW; ≥1-point Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score increase [≥1.5 if baseline EDSS = 0]), 6-month confirmed disability improvement (CDI; ≥1-point EDSS decrease [baseline score ≥2.0]), no evidence of disease activity (NEDA), brain volume loss (BVL), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: Most alemtuzumab-treated patients (95.1%) completing CARE-MS I enrolled in the extension; 68.5% received no additional alemtuzumab treatment. ARR remained low in years 3, 4, and 5 (0.19, 0.14, and 0.15). Over years 0-5, 79.7% were free of 6-month CDW; 33.4% achieved 6-month CDI. Most patients (61.7%, 60.2%, and 62.4%) had NEDA in years 3, 4, and 5. Median yearly BVL improved over years 2-4, remaining low in year 5 (years 1-5: -0.59%, -0.25%, -0.19%, -0.15%, and -0.20%). Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of most AEs declined in the extension relative to the core study. Thyroid disorder incidences peaked at year 3 and subsequently declined. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, alemtuzumab provides durable efficacy through 5 years in the absence of continuous treatment, with most patients not receiving additional courses. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT00530348; NCT00930553. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III evidence that alemtuzumab durably improves efficacy outcomes and slows BVL in patients with RRMS.

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700 1_: $a Arnold, Douglas L $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA. $7 gn_A_00008706

700 1_: $a Cohen, Jeffrey A $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Hartung, Hans-Peter $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Fox, Edward J $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Giovannoni, Gavin $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Schippling, Sven $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Selmaj, Krzysztof W $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Traboulsee, Anthony $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Compston, D Alastair S $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Margolin, David H $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Thangavelu, Karthinathan $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Rodriguez, Claudio E $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Jody, Darlene $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Hogan, Richard J $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Xenopoulos, Panos $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

700 1_: $a Panzara, Michael A $u From the Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience (E.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; NeuroRx Research (D.L.A.), Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.L.A.), Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Québec, Canada; Mellen Center (J.A.C.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuropsychiatry (H.-P.H.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; MS Clinic of Central Texas (E.J.F.), Central Texas Neurology Consultants, Round Rock; Queen Mary University of London (G.G.), Barts and The London School of Medicine, UK; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research (S.S.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (K.W.S.), Medical University of Łódź, Poland; The University of British Columbia (A.T.), Vancouver, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (D.A.S.C., A.J.C.), University of Cambridge, UK; Sanofi (D.H.M., K.T., C.E.R., D.J., M.A.P.), Cambridge, MA; Evidence Scientific Solutions (R.J.H.), Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Evidence Scientific Solutions (P.X.), Philadelphia, PA. M.A.P. is currently affiliated with Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

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